Evolution of the Protein Repertoire

Goldman, Aaron D.; Horst, Jeremy A.; Hung, Ling‐Hong; Samudrala, Ram

doi:10.1002/3527600906.mcb.200400157.pub2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The development of protein translation may have evolved as a mechanism to bring this crucial chemistry under the control of genetically-encoded enzymes [6]. Deoxyribonucleotides were probably unavailable until the evolution of ribonucleotide reductase proteins [7], implying that the development of the DNA genome was not even possible until substantial evolution of protein enzymes had taken place.…”

Section: Early Genome Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) The first genetic system probably involved informational RNAs encoding ribozymes which facilitated the replication of those informational RNAs [1]. Given the narrow catalytic range of ribozymes, this system probably relied on substantial networks of prebiotic chemistry to provide activated nucleotides [6]. (b) Protein synthesis by translation most likely arose from this RNA-based system [7] and rapidly developed into a highly processive, high-fidelity system [8].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytricha as a modern analog of ancient genome evolution

Goldman¹,

Landweber²

2012

Trends in Genetics

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Several independent lines of evidence suggest that the modern genetic system was preceded by the ‘RNA world’ in which RNA genes encoded RNA catalysts. Current gaps in our conceptual framework of early genetic systems make it difficult to imagine how a stable RNA genome may have functioned and how the transition to a DNA genome could have taken place. Here we use the single-celled ciliate, Oxytricha, as an analog to some of the genetic and genomic traits that may have been present in organisms before and during the establishment of a DNA genome. Oxytricha and its close relatives have a unique genome architecture involving two differentiated nuclei, one of which encodes the genome on small, linear nanochromosomes. While its unique genomic characteristics are relatively modern, some physiological processes related to the genomes and nuclei of Oxytricha may exemplify primitive states of the developing genetic system.

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Section: Early Genome Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%