Evolution of the seismic activity from the 1982 eruption of El Chichon Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico

Jiménez, Z.; Espíndola, Víctor Hugo; Espíndola, J. M.

doi:10.1007/s004450050282

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, each volcanic eruption of El Chichón was most likely produced by an injection of mafic magma (trachybasaltic?) into a reservoir surrounded by Cretaceous limestone approximately 10 km below the volcano, as suggested by a seismicity gap 7±13 km below the volcano (Jimenez et al 1999). The stagnation of basaltic magma in this reservoir favored fractionation of olivine and orthopyroxene, amphibole agglutination, and incorporation of limestone xenoliths (Fig.…”

Section: Explosive History Of El Chichónmentioning

confidence: 86%

Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

Espíndola¹,

Macías²,

et al. 2000

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Before its devastating eruption in 1982, El Chichón Volcano was little known and did not appear on any listings of hazardous volcanoes. Subsequent geologic studies, based on stratigraphic and radiocarbon investigations, showed that at least three explosive eruptions had occurred previously at this volcano. In this paper, we present the result of recent studies on the stratigraphy of the volcano and new radiocarbon ages which show that at least 11 eruptions have taken place at El Chichón in the past 8000 years.

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Section: Explosive History Of El Chichónmentioning

confidence: 86%

Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

Espíndola¹,

Macías²,

et al. 2000

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“…These pressure conditions are slightly higher than the experimentally obtained of value ∼2 kbar for the 1982 eruption [ Luhr , 1990]. The seismicity associated with the 1982 eruption [ Jimenez et al , 1999] shows a quiescent zone between 7 and 13 km below the volcano in the seismicity preceding the eruption that might represent a deeper magma reservoir (Figure 13). These observations indicate that the location of El Chichón magma reservoir may have shifted slightly from the 550 year B.P.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

A 550‐year‐old Plinian eruption at El Chichón Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico: Explosive volcanism linked to reheating of the magma reservoir

et al. 2003

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[1] Some 550 years ago (1320-1433 A.D.), a powerful Plinian eruption at El Chichón Volcano in southern Mexico produced a widespread pumice fall deposit. We subdivided the deposit into three parts on the basis of structural and textural characteristics, pumice lithology and density, granulometry, and petrologic-geochemical attributes. The deposit covers an area of 1500 km 2 within the 1-cm isopach and has a minimum estimated bulk volume of 2.8 km 3 (1.1 km 3 dense rock equivalent (DRE)); its eruptive column reached an altitude of $31 km. Consideration of field evidence, the presence and nature of mafic enclaves, and chemical data strongly suggest that the 550 year B.P. eruption is linked with the intrusion of a high-temperature basaltic magma into preexisting but stagnated trachyandesitic magma beneath El Chichón. Thorough mixing of the two magmas produced a compositionally uniform hybrid trachyandesite magma (average SiO 2 55.3 wt %), which subsequently underwent crystal growth and gas exsolution, ultimately overpressurizing the zoned magmatic system to erupt explosively. On the basis of El Chichón's known eruptive history, the intrusion-mixing event occurred sometime after the 900 year B.P. eruption. The hybrid magma had a preeruption temperature of 820-830°C and was water undersaturated (5-6 wt % H 2 O) at pressures of $2-2.5 kbar.

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“…Globally, there is significant evidence for coupling between crustal faults and magmatic systems (e.g., Harlow et al [1996], Pinatubo; Aspinall et al [1998], Soufriere Hills; Nostro et al [1998], Vesuvius; Jiménez et al [1999], El Chichon; Lu et al [2002], Peulik; Moran et al [2002], Shishaldin; Díez et al [2005], Cerro Negro; White and Rowe [2006], globally; Fisher et al [2010], Augustine). Changes in magmatic systems, such as injection or withdrawal of magma, may change stresses on nearby faults and trigger earthquakes [e.g., Roman , 2005; Fisher et al , 2010].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic swarm associated with the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Volcano, Alaska: Earthquake locations and source parameters

2011

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[1] An energetic seismic swarm accompanied an eruption of Kasatochi Volcano in the central Aleutian volcanic arc in August of 2008. In retrospect, the first earthquakes in the swarm were detected about 1 month prior to the eruption onset. Activity in the swarm quickly intensified less than 48 h prior to the first large explosion and subsequently subsided with decline of eruptive activity. The largest earthquake measured as moment magnitude 5.8, and a dozen additional earthquakes were larger than magnitude 4. The swarm exhibited both tectonic and volcanic characteristics. Its shear failure earthquake features were b value = 0.9, most earthquakes with impulsive P and S arrivals and higher-frequency content, and earthquake faulting parameters consistent with regional tectonic stresses. Its volcanic or fluid-influenced seismicity features were volcanic tremor, large CLVD components in moment tensor solutions, and increasing magnitudes with time. Earthquake location tests suggest that the earthquakes occurred in a distributed volume elongated in the NS direction either directly under the volcano or within 5-10 km south of it. Following the M W 5.8 event, earthquakes occurred in a new crustal volume slightly east and north of the previous earthquakes. The central Aleutian Arc is a tectonically active region with seismicity occurring in the crusts of the Pacific and North American plates in addition to interplate events. We postulate that the Kasatochi seismic swarm was a manifestation of the complex interaction of tectonic and magmatic processes in the Earth's crust. Although magmatic intrusion triggered the earthquakes in the swarm, the earthquakes failed in context of the regional stress field.

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Evolution of the seismic activity from the 1982 eruption of El Chichon Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

A 550‐year‐old Plinian eruption at El Chichón Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico: Explosive volcanism linked to reheating of the magma reservoir

Seismic swarm associated with the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Volcano, Alaska: Earthquake locations and source parameters

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