Evolution of Turbidity Currents Deduced from Extensive Thin Turbidites: Marnoso Arenacea Formation (Miocene), Italian Apennines

Talling, Peter J.; Amy, Lawrence; Wynn, Russell B.; Blackbourn, Graham; Gibson, Oliver

doi:10.2110/jsr.2007.018

Cited by 72 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For instance, it predicts that turbidity currents will not flow along horizontal gradients, or be able to travel upslope. There is field evidence that turbidity currents can sometimes travel for long distances (N100 km) upslope, due to both inherited momentum and flow thickness (Underwood, 1991;Amy and Talling, 2004;Talling et al, 2007b;Hunt et al, 2011). This suggests that momentum inherited from steeper gradients in proximal areas may contribute significantly to the speed and run-out of some turbidity currents.…”

Section: Chezy Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered, what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows

Talling

Paull

Piper

2013

Earth-Science Reviews

211

184

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Subaqueous sediment density flows are one of the volumetrically most important processes for moving sediment across our planet, and form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth (submarine fans). They are also arguably the most sparely monitored major sediment transport processes on our planet. Significant advances have been made in documenting their timing and triggers, especially within submarine canyons and delta-fronts, and freshwater lakes and reservoirs, but the sediment concentration of flows that run out beyond the continental slope has never been measured directly. This limited amount of monitoring data contrasts sharply with other major types of sediment flow, such as river systems, and ensure that understanding submarine sediment density flows remains a major challenge for Earth science. The available monitoring data define a series of flow types whose character and deposits differ significantly. Large (N 100 km 3 ) failures on the continental slope can generate fast-moving (up to 19 m/s) flows that reach the deep ocean, and deposit thick layers of sand across submarine fans. Even small volume (0.008 km 3 ) canyon head failures can sometimes generate channelised flows that travel at N 5 m/s for several hundred kilometres. A single event off SE Taiwan shows that river floods can generate powerful flows that reach the deep ocean, in this case triggered by failure of recently deposited sediment in the canyon head. Direct monitoring evidence of powerful oceanic flows produced by plunging hyperpycnal flood water is lacking, although this process has produced shorter and weaker oceanic flows. Numerous flows can occur each year on river-fed delta fronts, where they can generate up-slope migrating crescentic bedforms. These flows tend to occur during the flood season, but are not necessarily associated with individual flood discharge peaks, suggesting that they are often triggered by delta-front slope failures. Powerful flows occur several times each year in canyons fed by sand from the shelf, associated with strong wave action. These flows can also generate up-slope migrating crescentic bedforms that most likely originate due to retrogressive breaching associated with a dense near-bed layer of sediment. Expanded dilute flows that are supercritical and fully turbulent are also triggered by wave action in canyons. Sediment density flows in lakes and reservoirs generated by plunging river flood water have been monitored in much greater detail. They are typically very dilute (b 0.01 vol.% sediment) and travel at b 50 cm/s, and are prone to generating interflows within the density stratified freshwater. A key objective for future work is to develop measurement techniques for seeing through overlying dilute clouds of sediment, to determine whether dense near-bed layers are present. There is also a need to combine monitoring of flows with detailed analyses of flow deposits, in order to understand how flows are recorded in the rock record. Finally, a source-to-sink approach is needed because the character of subm...

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Section: Chezy Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered, what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows

Talling

Paull

Piper

2013

Earth-Science Reviews

211

184

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show abstract

“…To overspill from a levee, sand is carried in suspension and therefore the initial deposition on the levee reflects suspension fallout. Subsequent reworking by bedload transport would have the effect of modifying the original suspension dominated sediment profile (e.g., Talling et al, 2007). The degree of modification would be entirely dependent on the respective length-scales of tractional and suspended sediment transport; length scales of tractional transport within single Tc events are likely to be several orders of magnitude smaller than the original suspension-dominated distribution, and hence unlikely to significantly affect the levee dip profile.…”

Section: Levee Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine channel levee shape and sediment waves from physical experiments

Kane

McCaffrey

Peakall

et al. 2010

Sedimentary Geology

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“…The facies architecture of turbidite beds within this system is well constrained by previous field work, that has developed stratigraphic correlations for individual flow deposits over many tens of kilometres (Ricci Lucchi and Valmori, 1980;Amy and Talling, 2006;Talling et al, 2007). Whilst early work recognised the occurrence of debritic intervals within turbidite sandstone-mudstone beds (slurried divisions identified by Ricci Lucchi and Valmori, 1980), only more recent work has described in detail the character and geometry of these debritic units (Talling et al, 2004;Amy et al, 2005;Amy and Talling, 2006).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The studied linked debrites of the Marnoso Arenacea Formation are laterally continuous, over kilometres to many tens of kilometres. In comparison, the clean sandstone and mudstone units within the same bed are much more continuous and in many cases are as continuous as the extent of the Marnoso Arenacea outcrop, some 120 km (Ricci Lucchi and Valmori, 1980;Amy and Talling, 2006;Talling et al, 2007). The Marnoso Arenacea units may represent an end-member, 'sheet-like' geometry for linked debrites; linked debrites in other systems may have smaller lateral extents.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of hydrocarbon recovery from turbidite sandstones with linked-debrite facies: Numerical flow-simulation studies

Amy

Peachey

Gardiner

et al. 2009

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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Evolution of Turbidity Currents Deduced from Extensive Thin Turbidites: Marnoso Arenacea Formation (Miocene), Italian Apennines

Cited by 72 publications

References 59 publications

How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered, what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows

How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered, what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows

Submarine channel levee shape and sediment waves from physical experiments

Prediction of hydrocarbon recovery from turbidite sandstones with linked-debrite facies: Numerical flow-simulation studies

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