Evolution of Vertical Farms and the Development of a Simulation Methodology

Abstract

Agricultural practices are at a significant cross roads: continuous population growth, increasing evidence of food shortage and reduced land availability are just a few of the problems highlighting the need to improve existing agricultural methods. Moreover, recurrent emerging episodes of catastrophic natural phenomena occurring across the world, such as global warming, increased natural disasters and depletion of natural resources are pushing the bar even higher, in terms of the urgent need to find viable solutions to tackle food security. The research community is under pressure to find solutions towards the above issues in tandem with the protection of the natural environment and the need to improve quality of life. In parallel, the architectural challenges are outlined by the same realities, because cities will continue to grow and it is imperative to find solutions to minimise the impact of urban development on the planet. Two key areas have been identified in this research, they are considered to have the potential to simultaneously help to mitigate the problems mentioned above: 1) Improved design of buildings and cities to encourage urban biodiversity, i.e. better urban design and architectural practices. 2) Enhanced methods to produce, store and distribute food, i.e. improved rural and urban agriculture: produce, storage and distribution. Scrutiny into these topics lead this investigation into vertical farming and the exploration on how it can be improved. A simulation methodology is under development, aiming to reproduce the potential capabilities of vertical farms, exploring their wider viability and their integration into existing and new buildings. This paper follows the development of this methodology, its current capabilities and the future directions of this ongoing investigation.

Development of a Low-Cost and Modular Vertical Farming Rig for Sustainable Farming Process

“…These holes were created by heating a 70 mm diameter steel pipe and applying pressure to the square's top. Grow trays function so that water goes in and out of the tray using round PVC pipes or hoses [10,11]. Polystyrene with glue was applied at both ends of the grow tray to prevent leakage of the water-nutrient solution.…”

Vertical Farming: The Only Way Is Up?

“…As a result, depending on the stakeholder, vertical farming is viewed as a marginal crop production activity up to a system that is essential for providing future food security. Further confusion is created by the interchangeable use of "vertical farming" as an activity and "vertical farm" as a noun [1]. In its simplest form, "vertical farming" as an activity can be defined as the multilayered production of plants to increase yield per surface area.…”

The energy master planning process for districts

“…However, HD-CEA spaces have high energy demands mostly due to sensible cooling and dehumidification requirements (Graamans, Baeza, van den Dobbelsteen, Tsafaras, & Stanghellini, 2018). Modelling this kind of space with the consideration of crops as internal heat gains/losses is fairly new and a consensual modelling approach that uses a common tool is still missing (Waldron, 2018).…”