Evolutionary and Developmental Aspects of Avian-Specific Traits in Limb Skeletal Pattern

Seki, Ryohei; Kamiyama, Namiko; Tadokoro, Ayumi; Nomura, Naoki; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Manabe, Makoto; Tamura, Koji

doi:10.2108/zsj.29.631

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the feathers on the forelimb that are essential to avian flight, bird limbs have other avian-characteristic features that include pneumatized bones, anterior three-digits with short digit 1 in the wing, a wide range of motion in the wrist, a parasagittal gait of the hindlimb, and long metacarpal/metatarsals242526. We thus examined the expression pattern of each of 100 top-ranked ASHCE-associated genes (sorted with the ASHCE phastCons log-odd score) in the developing chicken limb bud at four different stages (from initiation stage of limb development to differentiation stage for limb structures such as the muscle, cartilage and feather; HH20–22, 24–25, 27–29, and 31–33; see Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional roles of Aves class-specific cis-regulatory elements on macroevolution of bird-specific features

et al. 2017

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Unlike microevolutionary processes, little is known about the genetic basis of macroevolutionary processes. One of these magnificent examples is the transition from non-avian dinosaurs to birds that has created numerous evolutionary innovations such as self-powered flight and its associated wings with flight feathers. By analysing 48 bird genomes, we identified millions of avian-specific highly conserved elements (ASHCEs) that predominantly (>99%) reside in non-coding regions. Many ASHCEs show differential histone modifications that may participate in regulation of limb development. Comparative embryonic gene expression analyses across tetrapod species suggest ASHCE-associated genes have unique roles in developing avian limbs. In particular, we demonstrate how the ASHCE driven avian-specific expression of gene Sim1 driven by ASHCE may be associated with the evolution and development of flight feathers. Together, these findings demonstrate regulatory roles of ASHCEs in the creation of avian-specific traits, and further highlight the importance of cis-regulatory rewiring during macroevolutionary changes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional roles of Aves class-specific cis-regulatory elements on macroevolution of bird-specific features

et al. 2017

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“…In vertebrate limb morphogenesis, Hoxa11 and Hoxa13 are differentially expressed along the proximo‐distal axis, and after they separate, their expression domains correspond with the future zeugopod and autopod, respectively, in the limb bud of an embryo (Supplementary Material, Fig. S1e; Yokouchi et al, ; Nelson et al, 1996b; Tamura et al, ; Seki et al, ). We detected clear signals for both genes in the hindlimbs of stages 5–7 embryos by whole‐mount in situ hybridization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental stages for the divergence of relative limb length between a twig and a trunk‐ground Anolis lizard species

et al. 2015

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The divergent evolution of niche-related traits can facilitate adaptive radiation, yet identification of the genetic or molecular mechanisms underlying such trait changes remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Conducting a detailed morphological comparison along growth trajectories is a powerful method for observing the formation of differences in niche-related traits. Here, we focused on hindlimb length of Anolis lizards, differences in which are related to adaptation for use of different microhabitats. We measured the length of hindlimb skeletons in different ecomorphs of anole lizards (A. sagrei, a trunk-ground ecomorph with long hindlimbs, and A. angusticeps, a twig ecomorph with short hindlimbs) from early embryonic stages to adulthood, to determine which hindlimb elements mainly differentiate the species and the timing of the formation of these differences. With respect to the digit, differences between the species mainly occurred during the embryonic stages of interdigit reduction, when the cartilage of the distal phalanges was simultaneously forming. In addition, we compared the relative length of developing autopods in early embryonic stages using whole-mount in situ hybridization before the formation of the cartilaginous bones, and the results showed that the relative growth rate of the Hoxa11-negative distal region in A. sagrei was greater than that in A. angusticeps. Our results show that there are several important developmental stages for hindlimb length differentiation between A. angusticeps and A. sagrei, depending on which hindlimb element is considered. In particular, the species differences were largely due to variations in digit length, which arose at early embryonic stages.

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“…the frame-shift occurred (e.g. Bever et al, 2011;Young et al, 2011;Seki et al, 2012). The fossil record seemed to unambiguously suggest that advanced theropods (including birds) have digits 1-2-3 but that hypothesis was challenged by the discovery of a four-fingered basal ceratosaur Limusaurus with strongly reduced digit 1, which was interpreted as supporting a 2-3-4 hypothesis.…”

Section: Fig 4 Evolution Of Sex Determination and Parity Mode In Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors suggest that Limusaurus shows the intermediate stage of the frame-shift which was completed in more advanced theropods -the tetanurans (Xu et al, 2009). However, this scenario has been questioned and the strong reduction of digit 1 was interpreted as a derived trait of the ceratosaurs, thus having nothing to do with the avian condition (Seki et al, 2012). Moreover, recent embryological studies support digit identities in birds (and thus other advanced theropods) as 1-2-3 (e.g.…”

Section: Fig 4 Evolution Of Sex Determination and Parity Mode In Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating developmental biology and the fossil record of reptiles

Skawiński¹,

Tałanda²

2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Numerous new discoveries and new research techniques have influenced our understanding of reptile development from a palaeontological perspective. They suggest for example that transition from mineralized to leathery eggshells and from oviparity to viviparity appeared much more often in the evolution of reptiles than was previously thought. Most marine reptiles evolved from viviparous terrestrial ancestors and had probably genetic sex determination. Fossil forms often display developmental traits absent or rare among modern ones such as polydactyly, hyperphalangy, the presence of ribcage armour, reduction of head ornamentation during ontogeny, extreme modifications of vertebral count or a wide range of feather-like structures. Thus, they provide an empirical background for many morphogenetic considerations.

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Evolutionary and Developmental Aspects of Avian-Specific Traits in Limb Skeletal Pattern

Cited by 14 publications

References 91 publications

Functional roles of Aves class-specific cis-regulatory elements on macroevolution of bird-specific features

Functional roles of Aves class-specific cis-regulatory elements on macroevolution of bird-specific features

Developmental stages for the divergence of relative limb length between a twig and a trunk‐ground Anolis lizard species

Integrating developmental biology and the fossil record of reptiles

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