Evolutionary aspects of interaction of sleep and stress: Phylo- and ontogenetic approach

Aristakesyan, E. A.

doi:10.1134/s0022093009060106

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Petrů et al, 2009) and might therefore indicate relaxation, while lying belly down likely allows the fastest escape if awoken (cf. Aristakesyan, 2009) since it is closest to a standing position.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping tight or hiding in fright? The welfare implications of different subtypes of inactivity in mink

Meagher

Campbell

Ahloy‐Dallaire

et al. 2013

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Effects of sub-optimal housing on inactivity vary across species and experiments, probably because inactivity is heterogeneous, reflecting both positive states (e.g. relaxation) and negative ones (e.g. fear). We therefore aimed to identify specific subtypes of inactivity that could indicate poor welfare in mink, by comparing their behaviour in enriched and non-enriched conditions (the former having been previously demonstrated to be highly preferred by mink and to enhance their welfare). We assessed this in three groups of subjects, as well as after housing conditions were reversed for the last group. During live scans, inactive animals were scored for posture, location, and whether awake or apparently asleep. Data on temperament and physiological stress indicators were also collected for one group; these confirmed that non-enriched housing increased faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM; P=0.040). Non-enriched housing also increased locomotor stereotypy in females (sex*housing: P=0.004). Inactivity in the nest-box (vs. in the open cage) was higher among females in non-enriched housing (housing*sex P<0.001), and increased by 20% of observations after enrichment removal (P=0.018) for both sexes. Furthermore, males with fearful temperaments spent the most time inactive in the nest-box (sex*temperament P=0.054), while females whose FCM decreased most when given enrichment also showed the largest decreases in this behaviour (sex*FCM change P=0.019). Together, this suggests that inactivity in the nest-box may reflect anxiety-induced hiding. Lying awake (i.e. prone with eyes open) was also higher in non-enriched housing (3.1% of observations vs. 1.7%; P=0.002); furthermore, this subtype of inactivity increased after enrichment removal (by 1.0% of observations; P=0.021), and decreased when non-enriched mink were given enrichment (by 2.4% of observations; P=0.004). This behaviour did not co-vary with fearfulness, however, nor with FCM (both P>0.05). This suggests that lying awake is not fear-related (e.g. not reflecting enhanced vigilance) but instead reflects some other negative state. Effects on inactivity subtypes as defined by posture were less consistent. For example, time spent lying belly down tended to decrease in mink moved from non-enriched to enriched cages (P=0.054), but enriched mink spent significantly less time belly down (in one of the three groups; P=0.002). Overall, two subtypes of inactivity, lying in the nestbox and lying awake seem likely to be valid indicators of housing-induced poor welfare in this species, being consistently increased by non-enriched cages. Lying in the nest-box may indicate fear or anxiety, and lying awake, a boredom-like state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping tight or hiding in fright? The welfare implications of different subtypes of inactivity in mink

Meagher

Campbell

Ahloy‐Dallaire

et al. 2013

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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“…In homeotherms, the amplitude of EEG activity during SWS was higher, 150-200 μV. Thus, from amphibians to mammals in the EEG spectral characteristics there was an increase in the deltawave power [54].…”

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confidence: 93%

“…Karmanova during the daytime practically in all tested poikilothermic animals and in some birds (chicken, owl) [14,59]. This form of defensive-passive behavior was revealed also in the SWC in some adult mammals (Guinea pig, rabbit) as well as in the mammalian SWC at certain stages of their postnatal ontogenetic [54,59,60]. In the studies by I.G.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…In other words, catalepsy may be considered not only a functional homolog of animal hypnosis [26][27][28], but a crucial element of a stress response [54].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…At this level of phylogenetic development of the brain the structures of the telencephalon are still immature [36,45,48]. That is why the interaction of the immature SWC with the hormonal cascade of the stress response can be considered also "immature", suggesting that the stress response in poikilotherms may manifest itself by a more evolutionarily ancient hypnotic type, as a catalepsy-like immobility [54]. In homeotherms, stress response is provided predominantly by the hormonal systems of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary aspects of sleep–wake cycle development in vertebrates (Modern state of the I.G. Karmanova’s sleep evolution theory)

Aristakesyan

2016

J Evol Biochem Phys

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The genetic basis of rest-activity circadian alternation in animal behavior is considered in the evolutionary range from bacteria to mammals. We scrutinize various concepts of sleep development in the animal world evolution as well as the I.G. Karmanova's theory of the sleepwake cycle evolution in vertebrates, beginning from wakefulness-primary sleep (or protosleep) in fish and amphibians through wakefulness-intermediate sleep in reptiles to wakefulness-slow wave sleep (SWS) and paradoxical sleep (PS) in birds and mammals. Primary sleep is represented by the three major sleep-like immobility states: catalepsy, catatonia and cataplexy. The main behavioral, somatovegetative and neurophysiological characteristics of primary sleep and the ancient activation pattern during primary sleep are described. The issues of which of these sleep manifestations are homologous to SWS, PS, hibernation and stress response are discussed. In conclusion, the general diagram of sleep evolution in vertebrates is presented, and the I.G. Karmanova's contribution to evolutionary somnology is highlighted.

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Dominant and Non-Dominant Frequency Structure of Evoked Ventricular Fibrillation in Dogs with Myocardial Ischemia

Guryanov

2016

Bull Exp Biol Med

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The first 10 min of electrically provoked ventricular fibrillation in dogs with ischemic heart disease were characterized by organized myocardial activity evidenced by the dominant ECG frequency structure. During the first 2 min of ventricular fibrillation, low-frequency oscillations (4-7 Hz) dominated, while on min 3 to 10 after the onset of fibrillation, the dominant frequencies were low and medium (4-12 Hz). After 10-min fibrillation, the oscillations became non-dominant. Thus, ischemic myocardium maintains the organized structure of ventricular fibrillation for the first 10 min, which is important for the development of automatic diagnostics of abnormal cardiac activity in humans.

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Evolutionary aspects of interaction of sleep and stress: Phylo- and ontogenetic approach

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Sleeping tight or hiding in fright? The welfare implications of different subtypes of inactivity in mink

Sleeping tight or hiding in fright? The welfare implications of different subtypes of inactivity in mink

Evolutionary aspects of sleep–wake cycle development in vertebrates (Modern state of the I.G. Karmanova’s sleep evolution theory)

Dominant and Non-Dominant Frequency Structure of Evoked Ventricular Fibrillation in Dogs with Myocardial Ischemia

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