Evolutionary biology and genetic techniques for insect control

Leftwich, Philip T.; Bolton, Michael; Chapman, Tracey

doi:10.1111/eva.12280

Cited by 81 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(360 reference statements)

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“…The use of genome editing in environmental engineering has been discussed in the context of pest control, with new ways to eradicate agricultural pests (Huang et al 2016;Leftwich et al 2016), as well as that of disease eradication. For example, gene drive systems are being developed to eradicate malaria (Gantza et al 2015), and contemplated for the eradication of the Zika (Hegg 2016) arthropod vector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Security Risks of CRISPR/Cas9

Rath

2017

SpringerBriefs in Research and Innovation Governance

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This case study looks into recent developments with regard to the CRISPR/Cas9 and other novel genome editing technologies that are becoming widely available thanks to their low costs and modest technological requirements.Responsible research and innovation Genome editing allows the specific modification of a genome; genes are modified within their respective location in the genome, making the changes often indistinguishable from natural mutations. Developments of this technology such as the use of gene drives, where specific genes are spread within populations, or the use of viral vector systems, are enabling additional applications in environmental engineering and disease treatment. There are substantial individual and societal benefits from applying genome editing; nonetheless the technology also poses significant risks to individuals, society as a whole and the environment.The central focus of this case study is on the unresolved ethical issues related to safety and security that pose both short-term and long-term challenges to international research partnerships. As such, the case study focuses not on a single incident but on the risks in the proliferation of a new and very powerful technology at a time when accepted and tailored ethical and legal frameworks at the international, national and local level are missing.In the case study two areas of safety risks are mapped and existing governance approaches described: first, risks to humans, for example in relation to therapeutic applications of genome editing; second, risks to the environment in relation to the use of genome editing on animals, plants and microbes. In addition, two aspects of security risks are also assessed: first, the creation of harmful agents relevant in the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Security Risks of CRISPR/Cas9

Rath

2017

SpringerBriefs in Research and Innovation Governance

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Section: Alternative Methods For Protection Against Olive Flymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a species-specific method of insect suppression in which insects are mass-reared under factory conditions, sterilized by irradiation, and then released (Leftwich et al, 2016). However, due to their adaptation to factory, laboratory, and irradiation, flies have significantly reduced fitness (Leftwich et al, 2016). Zygouridis et al (2014) observed a substantial loss of variability between F1 and F2-F5 generations in the laboratory, while in F11 a complete adaptation to the new laboratory environment occurs.…”

Section: Alternative Methods For Protection Against Olive Flymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plant protection against the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) Gmelin) and molecular methods to monitor the insecticide resistance alleles

Hladnik

2017

AAS

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Olive fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) Gmelin) is one of the most important olive pests worldwide. Most plant protection measures are based on insecticides, especially organophosphates, pyrethroids, and recently a spinosad. Insecticides are used as cover sprays or in more environmentally friendly methods in which insecticides are used in combination with attractants and pheromones as bait sprays or for mass trapping. However, due to negative impacts of insecticides to environment, new plant protection methods are constantly developing with the aim to lower the consumption of insecticides or even to eliminate them by biological control with entomopathogenic organisms, sterile insect technique (SIT), or transgenic method RIDL (release of insects carrying a dominant lethal). However, these methods need to be improved in order to guarantee adequate protection. Alternative methods than those traditionally used are required due to long term usage causing the development of resistance to the insecticides, ultimately lowering their effectiveness. Molecular methods for monitoring the frequencies of resistant alleles and the current status of resistance alleles in olive growing countries are reviewed here.

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“…; Servedio ; Wellenreuther and Sánchez‐Guillén ), host–parasite interactions (Leftwich et al. ; Myers and Cory ), evolutionary change accompanying invasion (Aktipis ; Gillespie ; Haig et al. ; Lee ; Olivieri et al.…”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chapman and colleagues review efforts to improve biocontrol of insects, including work in her laboratory to use antagonistic seminal fluid proteins as a means of population control (Leftwich et al. ). From their decades of work on endemic plants, Olivieri et al.…”

Section: Revising Perceptions Of Women In Evolutionary Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in evolution – highlighting the changing face of evolutionary biology

Wellenreuther

Otto

2015

Evolutionary Applications

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The face of science has changed. Women now feature alongside men at the forefront of many fields, and this is particularly true in evolutionary biology. This special issue celebrates the outstanding achievements and contributions of women in evolutionary biology, by highlighting a sample of their research and accomplishments. In addition to original research contributions, this collection of articles contains personal reflections to provide perspective and advice on succeeding as a woman in science. By showcasing the diversity and research excellence of women and drawing on their experiences, we wish to enhance the visibility of female scientists and provide inspiration as well as role models. These are exciting times for evolutionary biology, and the field is richer and stronger for the diversity of voices contributing to the field.

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Evolutionary biology and genetic techniques for insect control

Cited by 81 publications

References 160 publications

Safety and Security Risks of CRISPR/Cas9

Safety and Security Risks of CRISPR/Cas9

A review of plant protection against the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790) Gmelin) and molecular methods to monitor the insecticide resistance alleles

Women in evolution – highlighting the changing face of evolutionary biology

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