Evolutionary changes of peripheral nerves in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis

Sugiura, Hisashi; Omoto, Mitsuyoshi; Danno, Kiichiro; Uehara, Masami

doi:10.1016/0923-1811(93)91360-7

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…18 Moreover, MCs have been shown to be directly innervated by SNs 17,19 and can even be found within SNs. 20 2. Mast cells and SNs share a variety of activating signals, and both MCs and SNs respond by degranulation-that is, the exteriorization of granules loaded with preformed mediators, many of which are produced by either cell type (eg, nerve growth factor [NGF], neuropeptides, and endothelin 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast cell–driven skin inflammation is impaired in the absence of sensory nerves

Siebenhaar

Magerl

Peters

et al. 2008

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast cell–driven skin inflammation is impaired in the absence of sensory nerves

Siebenhaar

Magerl

Peters

et al. 2008

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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“…For example, an increased number of instances of close proximity between sensory nerves and mast cells has been described in inflammatory skin lesions from patients with psoriasis 12 or AD. 13 In addition, dermal mast cells can be increased in number in several inflammatory dermatoses, including psoriasis and AD. 14 In part because of their close anatomical association, it has been proposed that cutaneous sensory nerves and mast cells can represent a functional unit whereby stimulated nerve fibers may activate local mast cells, which in turn can control local nerve function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cell-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Can Promote Nerve Fiber Elongation in the Skin during Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice

Kakurai

Monteforte

Suto

et al. 2006

The American Journal of Pathology

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In humans, lesions of contact eczema or atopic dermatitis can exhibit increases in epidermal nerves, but the mechanism resulting in such nerve elongation are not fully understood. We found that contact hypersensitivity reactions to oxazolone in mice were associated with significant increases in the length of nerves in the epidermis and dermis. Using genetically mast cell-deficient c-kit mutant mice selectively repaired of their dermal mast cell deficiency with either wild-type or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-deficient mast cells, we found that mast cells, and mast cell-derived TNF, significantly contributed to the elongation of epidermal and dermal PGP 9.5 ؉ nerves and dermal CGRP ؉ nerves, as well as to the inflammation observed at sites of contact hypersensitivity in response to oxazolone. Moreover, the percentage of mast cells in close proximity to dermal PGP 9.5 ؉ nerve fibers was significantly higher in wild-type mice and in c-kit mutant mice repaired of their dermal mast cell deficiency by the adoptive transfer of wild-type mast cells than in TNF-deficient mice or in TNF ؊/؊ mast cell-engrafted c-kit mutant mice. These observations show that mast cells, and mast cell-derived TNF, can promote the elongation of cutaneous nerve fibers during contact hypersensitivity in the mouse.

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“…There has been only one previous report of mast cells entering perineurium and degranulating, resulting in oedema of the axons, and this finding was thought to be related to itching in AD [14]. However we could not demonstrate degranulation of mast cells in the lesions of AD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Histologically, Mihm et al [9] described demyelination, vacuolar change, and fibrosis in the cutaneous nerve fibres of AD and the relationship between such derangement of neural structures and pruritus. Similarly, using electron microscopy, Sugiura et al [14] observed oedematous changes in axons in the cutaneous nerve fibres ensheathed by perineurial cells in patients with pruritic lesions of AD. However, in these studies the terminal portions of the cutaneous nerve fibres, which are the location of the most important itching receptor, were not evaluated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although such studies were immunohistochemical studies with light microscopy, few papers on electron microscopy have been published [14,15]. The present investigation was undertaken to elucidate the morphological features of the nerve fibres, particularly free nerve endings, in cutaneous lesions of adults with AD, by means of histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous nerves in atopic dermatitis

1998

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Although pruritus is the cardinal symptom of atopic dermatitis, its mechanism is not well understood. Free nerve endings in the skin are involved in pruritus as itching receptors. We studied the cutaneous nerve fibres in lichenified lesions of 16 patients with adult atopic dermatitis. On immunohistochemistry, fibres immunoreactive for neurofilament, neuron-specific enolase, and protein gene product 9.5 were observed in the papillary dermis and dermoepidermal junctions as well as in the epidermis. In these areas, no fibres stained positively for substance P, neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, beta endorphin, somatostatin or serotonin. On electron microscopy, the ultrastructure of subepidermal and intraepidermal free nerve endings appeared to be essentially normal. However, the distribution density of the cutaneous nerve fibres was much higher than in normal controls, and the diameter of these fibres was much larger, because of the large number of axons in each nerve fibre. Degranulation of mast cells was not seen. These findings suggest that pruritus in lichenified atopic skin is probably not caused by damage to the cutaneous free nerve endings. In such lesions, the number of the cutaneous free nerve endings is greatly increased, but they may have a normal function.

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Evolutionary changes of peripheral nerves in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Mast cell–driven skin inflammation is impaired in the absence of sensory nerves

Mast cell–driven skin inflammation is impaired in the absence of sensory nerves

Mast Cell-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Can Promote Nerve Fiber Elongation in the Skin during Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice

Cutaneous nerves in atopic dermatitis

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