Evolutionary Dynamics of Host Organs for Microbial Symbiosis in Tortoise Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)

Fukumori, Kayoko; Oguchi, Kenichi; Ikeda, Hiroshi; Shinohara, Tadashi; Tanahashi, Masahiko; Moriyama, Minoru; Koga, Ryuichi; Fukatsu, Takema

doi:10.1128/mbio.03691-21

Cited by 20 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Plausibly, crypt formation is deeply implemented into the normal development of P. stali , which must reflect the presumably ancient evolutionary origin of the midgut symbiotic organ conserved among diverse stinkbugs ( 1 , 9 , 22 ). Similarly, persistence of the symbiotic organs when deprived of their microbial symbionts has been reported in Cassida leaf beetles ( 23 ), Oryzaephilus saw-toothed grain beetles ( 24 ), and others ( 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mechanisms Underpinning Morphogenesis of a Symbiotic Organ Specialized for Hosting an Indispensable Microbial Symbiont in Stinkbugs

Oishi

Harumoto

Okamoto‐Furuta

et al. 2023

mBio

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mechanisms Underpinning Morphogenesis of a Symbiotic Organ Specialized for Hosting an Indispensable Microbial Symbiont in Stinkbugs

Oishi

Harumoto

Okamoto‐Furuta

et al. 2023

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“…The tortoise beetle used was Cassida circumdata (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae), a serious pest of Convolvulaceae plants in several parts of the world. Both the larvae and adults feed on the leaves, leaving short holes (Fukumori et al, 2022). They were collected from the backs of leaves of Convolvulaceae plants in Miaoli and Taipei counties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical changes of the beetle digestive tract during metamorphosis correspond to dietary changes

Chiang

Shelomi

2023

Journal of Morphology

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During pupation, the tissues of holometabolous insects change in preparation for the adult lifestyles, although little literature exists examining this hidden process in detail. Using beetles as a model, we hypothesized that species where the adult and larva have the same diets will show less pronounced changes of the digestive tract during metamorphosis than species where the adults diets differ. We also wanted to observe these changes and document them at a level of detail missing from the current record. We compared the structure of the digestive tracts of scarab beetles Oryctes rhinoceros, Thaumastopeus shangaicus, and Protaetia spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)—where the larvae eat wood, soil, or compost while the adults feed on soft plant matter, tree sap, and rotting fruits—with the tortoise beetle, Cassida circumdata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), which feeds on leaves as both larva and adult. In the scarab beetles we observed considerable changes in the digestive tracts during the pupal stage, which we could divide into distinct stages, while in the leaf beetle pupae, the gut did not change. This information can provide new insight into metamorphosis, and the illustrations of what occurs during pupation are novel contributions to this field that will facilitate future work.

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“…Cassidines harbour Stammera in foregut symbiotic organs, in addition to ovary-associated glands in females [ 31 , 32 ]. Despite its extracellular localization throughout host development, Stammera possesses a drastically reduced genome (0.2 Mb) with a high AT composition [ 31 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission

et al. 2022

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Faithful transmission of beneficial symbionts is critical for the persistence of mutualisms. Many insect groups rely on extracellular routes that require microbial symbionts to survive outside the host during transfer. However, given a prolonged aposymbiotic phase in offspring, how do mothers mitigate the risk of symbiont loss due to unsuccessful transmission? Here, we investigated symbiont regulation and reacquisition during extracellular transfer in the tortoise beetle, Chelymorpha alternans (Coleoptera: Cassidinae). Like many cassidines, C. alternans relies on egg caplets to vertically propagate its obligate symbiont Candidatus Stammera capleta. On average, each caplet is supplied with 12 symbiont-bearing spheres where Stammera is embedded. We observe limited deviation (±2.3) in the number of spheres allocated to each caplet, indicating strict maternal control over symbiont supply. Larvae acquire Stammera 1 day prior to eclosion but are unable to do so after hatching, suggesting that a specific developmental window governs symbiont uptake. Experimentally manipulating the number of spheres available to each egg revealed that a single sphere is sufficient to ensure successful colonization by Stammera relative to the 12 typically packaged within a caplet. Collectively, our findings shed light on a tightly regulated symbiont transmission cycle optimized to ensure extracellular transfer.

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Evolutionary Dynamics of Host Organs for Microbial Symbiosis in Tortoise Leaf Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 89 publications

Mechanisms Underpinning Morphogenesis of a Symbiotic Organ Specialized for Hosting an Indispensable Microbial Symbiont in Stinkbugs

Mechanisms Underpinning Morphogenesis of a Symbiotic Organ Specialized for Hosting an Indispensable Microbial Symbiont in Stinkbugs

Anatomical changes of the beetle digestive tract during metamorphosis correspond to dietary changes

For the road: calibrated maternal investment in light of extracellular symbiont transmission

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