Evolutionary Generation of Phosphor Materials and Their Progress in Future Applications for Light-Emitting Diodes

Abstract

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are attracting considerable attention around the world. Phosphor materials, as crucial color-converted components, play central roles in LED development. The demands for phosphor materials have become increasingly stringent over the past decades, from high brightness to narrowband emission or function-dependent spectrum engineering. Although substantial progress has been made for currently developed phosphor materials, simultaneously satisfying all requirements for high-level applications remains challenging. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development of phosphor materials in different generations and to elucidate the key designed mechanisms concerning the activators and the host structures to fulfill the aforementioned aspects. We highlight the developments in phosphor materials through the classification of demands for high luminescence, high thermal stability, narrowband emission for high color gamut, and broadband emission for near-infrared. We also focus on elucidating the key designed mechanisms of phosphor materials in different generations. Furthermore, future perspectives about micro-LED applications and nanoluminescent materials are provided. This study opens up an avenue for designing the luminescent materials of the future.

Sc dopant induced tailoring of persistent luminescence in Na3YSi3O9:Eu2+ for information recording

“…1(b). 35,43 Meanwhile, the UV-vis absorption spectra of Na 3 YSi 3 O 9 : x Eu 2+ are consistent with the PLE spectrum (Fig. S2, ESI†).…”

A broadband yellow Yb2+-doped oxynitride phosphor for high-performance white light-emitting diodes

“…White light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) are widely used in our daily lives due to their high-efficiency, long lifetime, safety, and environmental friendliness. 1,2 Commercially fabricated w-LEDs, combining a blue chip with a Y 5 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ (YAG:Ce) yellow phosphor, show a low colour rendering index (CRI < 75) and a high correlated colour temperature (CCT > 6500 K) due to the lack of a red component, thereby resulting in a cold white light. 3 Adding a red phosphor is an option to achieve warm white light.…”

Photoactive CuI-Cross-Linked Polyurethane Materials

“…The luminescence characteristics and the ease of process of the PU-C x functional polymers make them particularly attractive and convenient to develop new phosphor materials for LED applications. The copper iodide cluster emitting in the yellow range can indeed be envisioned as an alternative to the commercial YAG/Ce inorganic material usually employed in phosphor-converted white LEDs. , In addition, considering the relative natural abundance of the copper element, these complexes are more readily accessible compared to lanthanide-based compounds. The broad emission band, the relatively high PLQY, and the large Stokes shift, combined with the strong absorption in the UV range of the PU-C x polymers, constitute actually relevant characteristics for LED devices.…”