Evolutionary history of mycorrhizal symbioses and global host plant diversity

Brundrett, Mark; Tedersoo, Leho

doi:10.1111/nph.14976

Cited by 1,128 publications

(881 citation statements)

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“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are obligate roots symbionts associated with an approximate of 72% of vascular plants (Brundrett & Tedersoo, ) and are occurring in almost every ecosystem (Cabello, ). However, their presence in hydrocarbon‐polluted soils is poorly reported, though they may be of interest for remediation strategies (De la Providencia, Stefani, Labridy, St‐Arnaud, & Hijri, ; Lenoir, Fontaine, & Lounès‐Hadj Sahraoui, ; Lenoir, Lounes‐Hadj Sahraoui, Fontaine, ; Rajtor & Piotrowska‐Seget, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with native plants growing in a petroleum‐polluted soil of the Amazon region of Ecuador

et al. 2018

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are worldwide distributed plant symbionts. However, their occurrence in hydrocarbon-polluted environments is less investigated, although specific communities may be present with possible interest for remediation strategies. Here, we investigated the AMF community composition associated with the roots of diverse plant species naturally recolonizing a weathered crude oil pond in the Amazon region of Ecuador. Next generation 454 GS-Junior sequencing of an 800 bp LSU rRNA gene PCR amplicon was used. PCR amplicons were affiliated to a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree computed from 1.5 kb AMF reference sequences. A high throughput phylogenetic annotation approach, using an evolutionary placement algorithm (EPA) allowed the characterization of sequences to the species level. Fifteen species were detected. Acaulospora species were identified as dominant colonizers, with 73% of relative read abundance, Archaeospora (19.6%) and several genera from the Glomeraceae (Rhizophagus, Glomus macrocarpum-like, Sclerocystis, Dominikia and Kamienskia) were also detected. Although, a diverse community belonging to Glomeraceae was revealed, they represented <10% of the relative abundance in the Pond. Seventy five % of the species could not be identified, suggesting possible new species associated with roots of plants under highly hydrocarbon-polluted conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with native plants growing in a petroleum‐polluted soil of the Amazon region of Ecuador

et al. 2018

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“…For example, plants widely associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can enhance nutrient absorption (Brundrett and Tedersoo 2018) and induce systemic expression of proteins and genes involved in defense in root and foliar tissues (Liu et al 2007, Campos-Soriano et al 2010. For example, plants widely associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which can enhance nutrient absorption (Brundrett and Tedersoo 2018) and induce systemic expression of proteins and genes involved in defense in root and foliar tissues (Liu et al 2007, Campos-Soriano et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From plant fungi to bee parasites: mycorrhizae and soil nutrients shape floral chemistry and bee pathogens

Davis

Aguirre

Barber

et al. 2019

Ecology

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Bee populations have experienced declines in recent years, due in part to increased disease incidence. Multiple factors influence bee-pathogen interactions, including nectar and pollen quality and secondary metabolites. However, we lack an understanding of how plant interactions with their environment shape bee diet quality. We examined how plant interactions with the belowground environment alter floral rewards and, in turn, bee-pathogen interactions. Soil-dwelling mycorrhizal fungi are considered plant mutualists, although the outcome of the relationship depends on environmental conditions such as nutrients. In a 2 9 2 factorial design, we asked whether mycorrhizal fungi and nutrients affect concentrations of nectar and pollen alkaloids (anabasine and nicotine) previously shown to reduce infection by the gut pathogen Crithidia in the native bumble bee Bombus impatiens. To ask how plant interactions affect this common bee pathogen, we fed pollen and nectar from our treatment plants, and from a wildflower pollen control with artificial nectar, to bees infected with Crithidia. Mycorrhizal fungi and fertilizer both influenced flowering phenology and floral chemistry. While we found no anabasine or nicotine in nectar, high fertilizer increased anabasine and nicotine in pollen. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) decreased nicotine concentrations, but the reduction due to AMF was stronger in high than low-nutrient conditions. AMF and nutrients also had interactive effects on bee pathogens via changes in nectar and pollen. High fertilizer reduced Crithidia cell counts relative to low fertilizer in AMF plants, but increased Crithidia in non-AMF plants. These results did not correspond with effects of fertilizer and AMF on pollen alkaloid concentrations, suggesting that other components of pollen or nectar were affected by treatments and shaped pathogen counts. Our results indicate that soil biotic and abiotic environment can alter bee-pathogen interactions via changes in floral rewards, and underscore the importance of integrative studies to predict disease dynamics and ecological outcomes.

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“…It is also important to use and analyse metadata in the context of the knowledge of the origins and evolution of mycorrhizas. For example, comprehensive biogeography databases enable hypotheses of dispersal and distribution of mycorrhizas over geological timescales to be tested (Stürmer & Morton, ), or an evolutionary history of this symbiosis to be proposed (Brundrett & Tedersoo, ). Despite the fact that these studies face some issues, such as biased sampling (e.g.…”

Section: Limits Of Paleontological Vs Genetic Approaches and Perspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the fact that these studies face some issues, such as biased sampling (e.g. limited to the northern hemisphere) and misassignment of the types of mycorrhizas, which are common in publications (Brundrett & Tedersoo, ), they can be highly informative. Using metadata, Brundrett & Tedersoo () recognized three waves of mycorrhizal evolution: AM evolution in early land plants; first nonmycorrhizal (NM) plants plus ECM, ericoid and orchid mycorrhizas in the Cretaceous; recent and ongoing evolution, resulting in root complexity linked to rapid diversification in biodiversity hotspots.…”

Section: Limits Of Paleontological Vs Genetic Approaches and Perspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…drought, toxic compounds, parasites). Associations involving green algae or cyanobacteria take the form of lichens (Selosse & Le Tacon, ), whereas mycorrhizas are mutualistic relationships that develop exclusively with plants, being found in an estimated 85% of living plant species (Brundrett, ; Smith & Read, ; van der Heijden et al ., ; Brundrett & Tedersoo, ). Mycorrhizas are the main focus of the present review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin and evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses: from palaeomycology to phylogenomics

et al. 2018

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Contents Summary 1012 I. Introduction 1013 II. The mycorrhizal symbiosis at the dawn and rise of the land flora 1014 III. From early land plants to early trees: the origin of roots and true mycorrhizas 1016 IV. The diversification of the AM symbiosis 1019 V. The ECM symbiosis 1021 VI. The recently evolved ericoid and orchid mycorrhizas 1023 VII. Limits of paleontological vs genetic approaches and perspectives 1023 Acknowledgements 1025 References 1025 SUMMARY: The ability of fungi to form mycorrhizas with plants is one of the most remarkable and enduring adaptations to life on land. The occurrence of mycorrhizas is now well established in c. 85% of extant plants, yet the geological record of these associations is sparse. Fossils preserved under exceptional conditions provide tantalizing glimpses into the evolutionary history of mycorrhizas, showing the extent of their occurrence and aspects of their evolution in extinct plants. The fossil record has important roles to play in establishing a chronology of when key fungal associations evolved and in understanding their importance in ecosystems through time. Together with calibrated phylogenetic trees, these approaches extend our understanding of when and how groups evolved in the context of major environmental change on a global scale. Phylogenomics furthers this understanding into the evolution of different types of mycorrhizal associations, and genomic studies of both plants and fungi are shedding light on how the complex set of symbiotic traits evolved. Here we present a review of the main phases of the evolution of mycorrhizal interactions from palaeontological, phylogenetic and genomic perspectives, with the aim of highlighting the potential of fossil material and a geological perspective in a cross-disciplinary approach.

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Evolutionary history of mycorrhizal symbioses and global host plant diversity

Cited by 1,128 publications

References 57 publications

Community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with native plants growing in a petroleum‐polluted soil of the Amazon region of Ecuador

Community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with native plants growing in a petroleum‐polluted soil of the Amazon region of Ecuador

From plant fungi to bee parasites: mycorrhizae and soil nutrients shape floral chemistry and bee pathogens

The origin and evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses: from palaeomycology to phylogenomics

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