Evolutionary Stable Strategy: A Test for Theories of Retroviral Pathology which are Based upon the Concept of Molecular Mimicry

Exclusion of HIV epitopes shared with human proteins is prerequisite for designing safer AIDS vaccines

“…brane segments were excluded. The level of similarity of the majority of regions shown in Tables 2-5 exceeds that of many regions whose cross-reactivity was demonstrated experimentally (Chen et al, 1997/98;Dyrberg and Oldstone, 1986;Evans and Levy, 1989;Kato et al, 1997;Solinema and De Camilli, 1995;Powell et al, 2000;Zagury et al, 1993a;Zagury et al, 1993b). For comparison, Table 6 shows some locally similar regions of HIV-1 and human proteins for which cross-reactivity was proved experimentally.…”

“…All this made possible an essential extension of the list of locally similar regions of HIV-1 and human proteins in comparison to the earlier identified ones (Cantalloube et al, 1994;Powell et al, 2000).…”

Retroviral Antibody Binding of the MHC Class II Molecule: A Biochemical Influence on CD4 T Cell Differentiation in HIV Infection?

“…This approach is based upon the concept of evolutionary stable strategy. It is explained in greater detail in another work (Powell et al, 2000).…”

Human and Nonhuman Primate Lentiviral Infection and Autoimmunity

“…28 Detailed structural and sequence analysis of the HIV-1 gp-41/gp120 led to the concept of a high degree of homology between self-molecules and HIV-1. 30,31 These findings were followed by the reports of the occurrence of anti-idiotypic antibodies against gp-120 and the role such anti-idiotypic antibodies may play in the induction of autoimmune responses secondary to binding of such antibodies to the CD4 molecule. Thus, the view that was put forward was that "molecular complementarity" exists between the binding sequence of HIV-1 gp120 and the CD4 molecule and that anti-idiotypic antibodies against gp120 would have the potential of binding to the CD4 molecule and lead either directly or indirectly to the elimination of the CD4 + T cells and/or dysregulate the induction of immune responses, contributing to the generation of autoimmune disease.…”

“…This included the finding of the reactivity of anti‐gp41 antibody against human MHC molecules 28. Detailed structural and sequence analysis of the HIV‐1 gp/41/gp120 led to the concept of a high degree of homology between self‐molecules and HIV‐1 30,31. These findings were followed by the reports of the occurrence of anti‐idiotypic antibodies against gp‐120 and the role such anti‐idiotypic antibodies may play in the induction of autoimmune responses secondary to binding of such antibodies to the CD4 molecule.…”