Evolutionary trends in morphological, physiological, agronomical and qualitative traits of Triticum aestivum L. cultivars bred in Italy since 1900

Canevara, M.G.; Romani, Massimo; Corbellini, M.; Perenzin, M.; Borghi, B.

doi:10.1016/s1161-0301(14)80081-6

Cited by 89 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…this paper). This is in agreement with conclusions from a review of a wider database available for wheat cultivars bred in regions as different as the U.K. (Austin et al, 1989), Italy (Canevara et al, 1994), Australia (Perry & D'Antuono, 1989) and Argentina (Slafer & Andrade, 1989;1993;Calderini et al, 1995) in which it has been concluded that wheat responsiveness to environmental amelioration is positively related to its yield potential .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Breeding effects on sensitivity of barley grain weight and quality to events of high temperature during grain filling

2005

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Temperature is one of the most important factors affecting grain quality in the majority of cereal growing areas. It has been shown that brief periods of high temperature during grain filling can reduce grain weight and quality. However, it is not known whether breeding for increased yields has altered the sensitivity to high temperatures after flowering. Four malting barley cultivars, chosen from previous studies to represent a series of successful breeding releases in Argentina, were sown under field conditions. The high temperature treatments consisted of increasing the spike temperature by about 5 • C for 6 h/day (from 10 am to 4 pm) for 20 days starting nine days after flowering (DAF), or for two periods of 10 days each, between 9 to 19 DAF or from 20 to 29 DAF. In all cultivars, grain weight and screening percentages decreased significantly with the treatments. In general, the two more modern cultivars (Q. Pampa and Q. Ayelén) were more sensitive to heat stress than the older ones (Heda and Unión). A similar pattern was found for malt extract. Thus it appears that breeding for higher yields has concomitantly increased sensitivity of grain weight (and yield) and quality to the episodes of high temperatures during the grain-filling period in barley.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Breeding effects on sensitivity of barley grain weight and quality to events of high temperature during grain filling

2005

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“…The root/aerial biomass ratio was 29 % lower in semidwarf cultivars than in tall ones. Considering the higher grain yield of the former (Canevara et al 1994;De Vita et al 2007;Motzo et al 2004;Royo et al 2008), this finding may suggest that cultivars carrying the Rht-B1b allele have greater root efficiency for input capture than those carrying the Rht-B1a allele, which is in agreement with the recent proposal of Subira et al (2015) that semi-dwarf cultivars have an improved capacity to respond to water availability after flowering. In addition, the larger biomass at depth of tall cultivars may denote greater transpiration under drought stress (Blum 2011).…”

Section: Aerial and Root Biomass In The Greenhousesupporting

confidence: 89%

Changes in durum wheat root and aerial biomass caused by the introduction of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele and their effects on yield formation

et al. 2016

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Aims This study aimed to quantify the changes in root and aerial biomass of durum wheat brought about by the introduction of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele and their effects on yield formation. Methods A historical series of 24 Mediterranean cultivars with allelic variants a (tall) and b (semi-dwarf) at Rht-B1 locus was tested in tubes in three greenhouse experiments and six field experiments. Results The dwarfing allele reduced the aerial biomass of each plant at anthesis by 7.6 % and the root by 28.1 % (25.4 %, 26.7 % and 36.0 % in the upper, middle and lower root sections, respectively). Aerial and root biomass were reduced by 27.0 g y −1 and 7 g y −1 respectively, but the relative rate of change was much greater for roots (−0.73 % y −1) than for aerial organs (−0.17 % y −1 ). Aerial biomass at anthesis was negatively associated with spike number, harvest index and yield in tall cultivars, but no significant relationship was found for semi-dwarf ones.Conclusions The root/aerial biomass ratio was 29 % lower in semi-dwarf than in tall cultivars. In tall cultivars large aerial biomass at anthesis was detrimental to yield formation, while in semi-dwarf cultivars high aerial biomass at anthesis had no effect on yield formation.

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“…Over recent decades, wheat breeding for CA has concentrated on yield, so that newer varieties, generally, have higher yields and lower grain protein. To compensate for this, there has been selection for higher gluten quality, together with improved fertiliser distribution over the season (Canevara et al 1994;Baresel 2006). This means that in OA, with limited opportunities for improved fertiliser distribution, the same modern varieties have lower yields together with levels of protein that often do not fulfil the requirements of the baking industry.…”

Section: Baking Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture

et al. 2008

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The need for increased sustainability of performance in cereal varieties, particularly in organic agriculture (OA), is limited by the lack of varieties adapted to organic conditions. Here, the needs for breeding are reviewed in the context of three major marketing types, global, regional, local, in European OA. Currently, the effort is determined, partly, by the outcomes from trials that compare varieties under OA and CA (conventional agriculture) conditions. The differences are sufficiently large and important to warrant an increase in appropriate breeding. The wide range of environments within OA and between years, underlines the need to try to select for specific adaptation in target environments. The difficulty of doing so can be helped by decentralised breeding with farmer participation and the use of crops buffered by variety mixtures or populations. Varieties for OA need efficient nutrient uptake and use and weed competition. These and other characters need to be considered in relation to the OA cropping system over the whole rotation. Positive interactions are needed, such as early crop vigour for nutrient uptake, weed

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Evolutionary trends in morphological, physiological, agronomical and qualitative traits of Triticum aestivum L. cultivars bred in Italy since 1900

Cited by 89 publications

References 14 publications

Breeding effects on sensitivity of barley grain weight and quality to events of high temperature during grain filling

Breeding effects on sensitivity of barley grain weight and quality to events of high temperature during grain filling

Changes in durum wheat root and aerial biomass caused by the introduction of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele and their effects on yield formation

Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture

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