Evolving Epidemiology of IBD

Windsor, Joseph W.; Kaplan, Gilaad G.

doi:10.1007/s11894-019-0705-6

Cited by 251 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting intestinal inflammatory disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide [1,2]. Crohn' s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two forms of IBD [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Periodontitis was reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the association between them has not been firmly established in the existing literature. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis and IBD. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for publications up to August 1, 2019 to include all eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated to determine the association between periodontal disease and IBD using a random or fixed effects model according to heterogeneity. Results: Six eligible studies involving 599 IBD patients and 448 controls were included. The pooled OR between periodontitis and IBD was 3.17 (95% CI: 2.09-4.8) with no heterogeneity observed (I 2 = 0.00%). The pooled ORs were 3.64 (95% CI: 2.33-5.67) and 5.37 (95% CI: 3.30-8.74) for the associations between periodontitis and the two subcategories of IBD, Crohn' s disease and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that periodontitis was significantly associated with IBD. However, the mechanisms underlying periodontitis and IBD development are undetermined. Further studies are needed to elucidate this relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are life-long, devastating, complex, and costly conditions of uncertain pathogenesis [1,2] and increasing incidence [3,4]. IBD-related chronic inflammation increases the probability of neoplastic transformation in the altered colon architecture leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) [5,6], with a prominent role attributed to nitric oxide (NO) [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional and Metabolomic Analysis of L-Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Association with Local Inflammatory and Angiogenic Response: Preliminary Findings

Krzystek−Korpacka

Fleszar

Bednarz−Misa

et al. 2020

IJMS

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L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is poorly investigated. The aim of current study is to quantify pathway serum metabolites in 52 CD (40 active), 48 UC (33 active), and 18 irritable bowel syndrome patients and 40 controls using mass spectrometry and at determining mRNA expression of pathway-associated enzymes in 91 bowel samples. Arginine and symmetric dimethylarginine decreased (p < 0.05) in active-CD (129 and 0.437 µM) compared to controls (157 and 0.494 µM) and active-UC (164 and 0.52 µM). Citrulline and dimethylamine increased (p < 0.05) in active-CD (68.7 and 70.9 µM) and active-UC (65.9 and 73.9 µM) compared to controls (42.7 and 50.4 µM). Compared to normal, CD-inflamed small bowel had downregulated (p < 0.05) arginase-2 by 2.4-fold and upregulated dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH)-2 (1.5-fold) and arginine N-methyltransferase (PRMT)-2 (1.6-fold). Quiescent-CD small bowel had upregulated (p < 0.05) arginase-2 (1.8-fold), DDAH1 (2.9-fold), DDAH2 (1.5-fold), PRMT1 (1.5-fold), PRMT2 (1.7-fold), and PRMT5 (1.4-fold). Pathway enzymes were upregulated in CD-inflamed/quiescent and UC-inflamed colon as compared to normal. Compared to inflamed, quiescent CD-colon had upregulated DDAH1 (5.7-fold) and ornithine decarboxylase (1.6-fold). Concluding, the pathway is deregulated in CD and UC, also in quiescent bowel, reflecting inflammation severity and angiogenic potential. Functional analysis of PRMTs and DDAHs as potential targets for therapy is warranted.

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“…For example, the Western world is experiencing an increasing rate of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and at present, there is no available cure. Compounding matters, there has been a sharp rise in the incidence of IBD and allergies in the newly industrialized nations of Asia and Latin America [4]. This increase in noncommunicable diseases is, at least in part, a result of diets becoming westernized, decreased exposure to infections, large scale deworming programs, and mass migration [5].…”

Section: Helminth-mediated Prevention Of Inflammatory and Metabolic Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing helminth-driven immunoregulation in the search for novel therapeutic modalities

et al. 2020

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Parasitic helminths have coevolved with humans over millennia, intricately refining and developing an array of mechanisms to suppress or skew the host's immune system, thereby promoting their long-term survival. Some helminths, such as hookworms, cause little to no overt pathology when present in modest numbers and may even confer benefits to their human host. To exploit this evolutionary phenomenon, clinical trials of human helminth infection have been established and assessed for safety and efficacy for a range of immune dysfunction diseases and have yielded mixed outcomes. Studies of live helminth therapy in mice and larger animals have convincingly shown that helminths and their excretory/secretory products possess anti-inflammatory drug-like properties and represent an untapped pharmacopeia. These anti-inflammatory moieties include extracellular vesicles, proteins, glycans, post-translational modifications, and various metabolites. Although the concept of helminth-inspired therapies holds promise, it also presents a challenge to the drug development community, which is generally unfamiliar with foreign biologics that do not behave like antibodies. Identification and characterization of helminth molecules and vesicles and the molecular pathways they target in the host present a unique opportunity to develop tailored drugs inspired by nature that are efficacious, safe, and have minimal immunogenicity. Even so, much work remains to mine and assess this out-of-the-box therapeutic modality. Industry-based organizations need to consider long-haul investments aimed at unraveling and exploiting unique and differentiated mechanisms of action as opposed to toe-dipping entries with an eye on rapid and profitable turnarounds.

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Evolving Epidemiology of IBD

Cited by 251 publications

References 82 publications

Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis

Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis

Transcriptional and Metabolomic Analysis of L-Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Association with Local Inflammatory and Angiogenic Response: Preliminary Findings

Harnessing helminth-driven immunoregulation in the search for novel therapeutic modalities

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