Evolving global risk assessment of ocular hypertension to glaucoma

Fechtner, Robert D.; Khouri, Albert S

doi:10.1097/icu.0b013e32808373a2

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Validated risk calculators have become a useful tool in risk assessment for coronary heart disease (CHD),13 and parallels have been drawn between CHD and glaucoma; both are chronic diseases with known modifiable risk factors 14 15. Prediction models often do not generalise beyond the population used to derive them, and so it is widely accepted that a prediction model should not be applied in clinical practice before it has been validated in at least one other population and preferably by different investigators 16.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External validation of the OHTS-EGPS model for predicting the 5-year risk of open-angle glaucoma in ocular hypertensives

et al. 2013

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External validation of the OHTS-EGPS model for predicting the 5-year risk of open-angle glaucoma in ocular hypertensives

et al. 2013

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“…Thus, the goal of medical and surgical treatment is not only to halt disease progression but also to effectively manage risk factors to prevent conversion to disease, much in the same way that elevated blood pressure is managed to prevent coronary artery disease. 2,3 One important risk factor for the progression of glaucomatous damage is ocular hypertension, that is, sustained elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) above 21 mmHg. 3 Other risk factors for the disease include family history of glaucoma or asymmetric cup-to-disc ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 One important risk factor for the progression of glaucomatous damage is ocular hypertension, that is, sustained elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) above 21 mmHg. 3 Other risk factors for the disease include family history of glaucoma or asymmetric cup-to-disc ratio. 4,5 Clinicians must consider the IOP, pachymetry readings, visual fields, gonioscopy and optic nerve head assessment when making decisions on whether to treat or observe.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A medical device/drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma

Schultz

Poling²,

Mint

2009

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake and release kinetics of two common glaucoma drugs delivered onto hydrogel contact lenses using analytical chemistry and to evaluate this device's ability to control intraocular pressure in a limited number of volunteers. Methods: Contact lenses were incubated in a source solution containing timolol maleate or brimonidine tartrate to determine uptake kinetics. The lenses were then immersed in fresh saline to determine release kinetics. Analysis was performed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC column retention times were determined for drugs released from the lens individually and under co-elution conditions. To evaluate clinical feasibility and toxicity, three volunteers (patients being treated for glaucoma) were provided with contact lenses that had been passively impregnated with either drug. After a three-week wash-out period, the volunteers were instructed to wear the lenses for 30 minutes per day for two weeks. Results: HPLC analysis showed that maximum uptake and release of both drugs had occurred by approximately 60 minutes, with the slopes tending to flatten after this point. The retention time on the HPLC column was 8.08 minutes for timolol maleate and 2.16 minutes for brimonidine tartrate after incubation for one hour, with no changes after seven hours. Patient data showed that use of the lenses maintained IOP at levels equivalent to those obtained with previous treatment. No ocular toxicity was observed. Conclusion: Drugs commonly used for glaucoma treatment can be passively transferred to a hydrogel contact lens and then eluted from the polymer. Data obtained from a limited number of patients suggest that this contact lens/drug delivery system may be a feasible means of controlling IOP.

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“…The data suggested that also we must consider all risks, as well as benefits and alternatives for this serious ophthalmological problem (17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular hypertension risk factors and therapy?

Janićijević¹,

Kocić²,

Todorović³

et al. 2015

SANAMED

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Introduction/Aim: The goal of our study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of ocular hypertension, as well as the influence of chronic risk factors on glaucoma development (conversion to glaucoma). We tried to make some entries for solving this complex ophthalmological problem. Material /Methods: From 2009 to 2015, a retrospective control study was performed on 121 patient with diagnoses of bilateral ocular hypertension and without disease progression/conversion of glaucoma (by standard protocols of diagnosis and basic procedures) on tertiary level at Clinic of Ophthalmology, Clinical Centre of Kragujevac, Serbia. The authors analyzed epidemiological characteristics: sex, age groups, positive/negative family history and personal history with chronic risk factors (one and/or two) of ocular hypertension. The data obtained from this study were statistically analyzed in SPSS program, version 20.0. Results: As for the patients, 69 of them (57.02%) were male and 52 female (42.98%). Dominant age group was between 40 9 (42.15%) and then group between 50 9 (40.50%) years of age. Anamnesis data indicated the absence of family anamnesis in 71 (58.68%) patients. Risk factors for ocular hypertension were presented in 103 (85.13%) patients, 18 of them (14.87%) did not respond. One risk factor-cardiovascular disease was noted in 83 (68.59%), two risk factors-cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in 20 patients (16.53%) and PEX syndrome at other respondents. Conclusion: Ocular hypertension is not a common disease, but with risk factors, such as older age, positive family history, and chronic risk factors syndicated, represents a serious clinical and social problem, so the question remains for ophthalmologists-pro or against therapy? Those in favor of therapy would state the safety and protection from conversion/progression of glaucoma; but those against therapy would only mention adequate monitoring of patients.

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Evolving global risk assessment of ocular hypertension to glaucoma

Abstract: The aim of assessing global risk for conversion from ocular hypertension to glaucoma is to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from early treatment. Calculation of risk should be accompanied by thorough analysis of risks, benefits, and alternatives for the individual patient.

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

External validation of the OHTS-EGPS model for predicting the 5-year risk of open-angle glaucoma in ocular hypertensives

External validation of the OHTS-EGPS model for predicting the 5-year risk of open-angle glaucoma in ocular hypertensives

A medical device/drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma

Ocular hypertension risk factors and therapy?

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