Ex Pluribus Unum: Integrating the Different Strands of Policy Diffusion Theory

Inter-governmental institutions as promoters of energy policy diffusion in a federal setting

“…As explained, socialization might happen due to the process proposed by rationalist or constructivist scholars. This is strongly linked to the critique made by Braun et al (2007) that the emphasis of policy diffusion research should lie more on the dynamics behind the diffusion of policies. To focus on these dynamics, the use of process tracing in the form of policy transfers would be more suitable (Dolowitz and Marsh, 2000).…”

Analysing the differential impact of the Bologna Process: Theoretical considerations on national conditions for international policy convergence

“…Fourth, in relying on testable hypotheses it should be possible to conduct a truly comparative analysis of more than just a few cases. Fifth, the application of the research design will offer us more insights into the relationship between the considered independent variables, so we can systematically integrate the different theoretical arguments in an interactive model (Braun and Gilardi 2006;Braun et al 2007). Sixth, accomplishing the proposed research design does not only tell us what national factors account for the differential impact of the Bologna Process.…”

“…2 Analytical framework on sigma convergence 7 As research on cross-national policy convergence is still lacking a systematic integration of theoretical arguments (Braun and Gilardi 2006;Braun et al 2007) we do not discuss the potential relationship between the different variables. Such a task would need further (and more extensive) theoretical elaborations which we can not solve in such a short article.…”

Trans-national diffusion patterns and the future of far right party research: Independence vs. interdependence

“…an FRP will only adopt a new master frame if it is beneficial. This suggests the interpretation of other FRPs' experiences has a conditional effect on the diffusion process and its mechanisms, as illustrated by changes in the relative effectiveness and payoffs associated with a new master frame [11,75]. Based on the diffusion literature, it is possible to distinguish two particular mechanisms most prominent in describing trans-national diffusion between FRPs: Emulation (or imitation) and learning.…”

“…A decisive source of similarity and potentially one of the most important objects that travel between FRPs is undoubtedly of an ideological nature, more specifically, the FRP master frame 11 . The pre1980s master frame (as used and implemented by first-and second-wave right-wing extremist parties) lacked electoral appeal; thus, spatial modelling indicates a 'new' master frame became indispensible.…”