Ex situ conservation of Holstein-Friesian cattle: Comparing the Dutch, French, and US germplasm collections

Danchin-Burge, Coralie; Hiemstra, S.J.; Blackburn, H. D.

doi:10.3168/jds.2010-3957

Cited by 31 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, we showed that the sampling method used for the French National Cryobank is quite efficient despite the fact it is a fairly new tool, as all collections have a lower kinship with female than the AM * female kinship (Table 3). However, this kinship is quite higher than the kinship of the female population, which could be already considerate as high, so it seems crucial to protect the last straws from old AI bulls that might still exist as already stated in Danchin‐Burge et al. (2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Evolution of the genetic variability of eight French dairy cattle breeds assessed by pedigree analysis

Danchin-Burge

Leroy

Brochard

et al. 2011

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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A pedigree analysis was performed on eight French dairy cattle breeds to assess their change in genetic variability since a first analysis completed in 1996. The Holstein, Normande and Montbéliarde breeds are selected internationally with over hundreds of thousands cows registered in the performance recording system. Three breeds are internationally selected but with limited numbers of cows in France (Brown Swiss, French Simmental and French Red Pied). The last two remaining breeds (Abondance and Tarentaise) are raised at regional level. The effective numbers of ancestors of cows born between 2004 and 2007 varied between 15 (Abondance and Tarentaise) and 51 (French Red Pied). The effective population sizes (classical approach) varied between 53 (Abondance) and 197 (French Red Pied). This article also compares the genetic variability of the ex situ (collections of the French National Cryobank) and in situ populations. The results were commented in regard to the recent history of gene flows in the different breeds as well as the existence of more or less stringent bottlenecks. Our results showed that whatever the size of the breeds, their genetic diversity impoverished quite rapidly since 1996 and they all could be considered as quite poor from a genetic diversity point of view. It shows the need for setting up cryobanks as gene reservoirs as well as sustainable breeding programmes that include loss of genetic diversity as an integrated control parameter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Van Doormaal et al. 2005; Koenig & Simianer 2006; Kim & Kirkpatrick 2009; Danchin‐Burge et al. 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evolution of the genetic variability of eight French dairy cattle breeds assessed by pedigree analysis

Danchin-Burge

Leroy

Brochard

et al. 2011

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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“…The number of HF bulls in the gene bank is 144 for France, 3755 for the Netherlands and 5013 for the USA (Danchin‐Burge et al . ). For most livestock breeds under threat, such numbers cannot be reached, and hence, the number of animals selected in our study (20) is more relevant for small populations to be conserved in a gene bank.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Consequences for diversity when animals are prioritized for conservation of the whole genome or of one specific allele

Engelsma

Veerkamp

Calus

et al. 2013

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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When animals are selected for one specific allele, for example for inclusion in a gene bank, this may result in the loss of diversity in other parts of the genome. The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of losing diversity across the genome when targeting a single allele for conservation when storing animals in a gene bank. From a small Holstein population, genotyped for 54,001 SNP loci, animals were prioritized for a single allele while maximizing the genomewide diversity using optimal contribution selection. Selection for a single allele was done for five different target frequencies: (i) no restriction on a target frequency; (ii) target frequency = original frequency in population; (iii) target frequency = 0.50; (iv) target frequency of the major allele = 1 (fixation); and (v) target frequency of the major allele = 0 (elimination). To do this, optimal contribution selection was extended with an extra constraint on the allele frequency of the target SNP marker. Results showed that elimination or fixation of alleles can result in substantial losses in genetic diversity around the targeted locus and also across the rest of the genome, depending on the allele frequency and the target frequency. It was concluded that losses of genetic diversity around the target allele are the largest when the target frequency is very different from the current allele frequency.

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“…It was also suggested that cryopreserved bio-specimens could be used as a backup material to redirect the selection scheme of a given breed, if needed [2,3]. Consequently, several gene banks have been created with different strategies and policies that vary with the breed, species, and country concerned [4,5] and methods have been proposed to use ex situ genetic resources to optimise the management of genetic diversity in endangered breeds [6]. Breeds with large populations are subject to high selection pressures and have rates of inbreeding greater than the desired values [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the use of cryobank samples in a selected cattle breed: a simulation study

2011

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BackgroundHigh selection pressure on domestic cattle has led to an undesirable increase in inbreeding, as well as to the deterioration of some functional traits which are indirectly selected. Semen stored in a cryobank may be a useful way to redirect selection or limit the loss of genetic diversity in a selected breed. The purpose of this study was to analyse the efficiency of current cryobank sampling methods, by investigating the benefits of using cryopreserved semen in a selection scheme several generations after the semen was collected.MethodsThe theoretical impact of using cryopreserved semen in a selection scheme of a dairy cattle breed was investigated by simulating various scenarios involving two negatively correlated traits and a change in genetic variability of the breed.ResultsOur results indicate that using cryopreserved semen to redirect selection will have an impact on negatively selected traits only if it is combined with major changes in selection objectives or practices. If the purpose is to increase genetic diversity in the breed, it can be a viable option.ConclusionsUsing cryopreserved semen to redirect selection or to improve genetic diversity should be carried out with caution, by considering the pros and cons of prospective changes in genetic diversity and the value of the selected traits. However, the use of genomic information should lead to more interesting perspectives to choose which animals to store in a cryobank and to increase the value of cryobank collections for selected breeds.

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Ex situ conservation of Holstein-Friesian cattle: Comparing the Dutch, French, and US germplasm collections

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Evolution of the genetic variability of eight French dairy cattle breeds assessed by pedigree analysis

Evolution of the genetic variability of eight French dairy cattle breeds assessed by pedigree analysis

Consequences for diversity when animals are prioritized for conservation of the whole genome or of one specific allele

Impact of the use of cryobank samples in a selected cattle breed: a simulation study

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