Ex-Vivo and In-Vivo Assessment of Cyclamen europaeum Extract After Nasal Administration

Abstract

Rhinosinusitis is a prevalent disorder with a severe impact on the health-related quality of life. Saponins of Cyclamen europaeum exert a clinically proven curative effect on rhinosinusitis symptoms when instilled into the nasal cavity, however, more extensive preclinical assessment is required to better characterize the efficacy of this botanical extract. This work evaluates the potential use of a natural freeze-dried extract of C. europaeum given as topical nasal administration. Permeation experiment on porcine nasal mucosa was performed with Franz diffusion cells. Experiments in rabbits were performed to test for any toxicological, hematological, biochemical or histological evidence of systemic action. No theoretical levels of saponins were found in the receptor chamber of Franz diffusion cells. Hematological data did not show significant differences between control and experimental animals (p > 0.05). Histological studies also showed that enhanced secretory activity in response to intranasal administration was not accompanied by any visible signs of injury. An examination of the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, and gastrointestinal organs did not reveal any abnormality. The absence of mucosal permeation of saponins and negligible probability of C. europaeum saponins absorption in the course of a therapeutic application was demonstrated.

Combined Dopamine and Grape Seed Extract-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Nasal Mucosa Permeation, and Uptake by Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells

“…The apparent permeability coefficient ( P app ) was obtained according to the Equation (2): P app = dQ/dtAC 0 where dQ/dt is the cumulative amount of DA permeated vs. time per unit of area obtained by the slope of the linear tract of the first segment of the curve, A is the effective surface area, and C 0 is the initial DA concentration in the donor compartment [ 31 , 32 ]. When the experiment was concluded, the nasal porcine mucosa was incubated with 1 mL of HPLC mobile phase overnight at 25 °C to extract the retained DA, which was then quantified via HPLC analysis.…”

The medieval skincare routine according to the formulations of Madgistra Trotula and the Medical School of Salerno and its reflection on cosmetology of the third millennium

“…By reading Trotula's texts and analyzing the data on the basis of current scientific knowledge (Tables 1–3), 12–70,72 it is possible to clearly grasp the medieval aesthetic trends and it can be clearly seen how many of the aesthetic defects that afflicted women of that time are equally felt today 73–75 . The facial treatment, together with that of the hair, is essential for the mulieres salernitanae .…”

“…By reading Trotula's texts and analyzing the data on the basis of current scientific knowledge (Tables 1 , 2 , 3 ), 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , …”

Skin-on-a-Chip Technology for Testing Transdermal Drug Delivery—Starting Points and Recent Developments

“…The vertically oriented Franz diffusion cell system (Teledyne Hanson Research, Chatsworth, CA, USA) is one of the "gold-standard" methods for the investigation of the transdermal drug delivery, which is suitable for studying artificial membranes and ex vivo skin samples [15,16]. Beside the transdermal route, several examples are known for Franz cell experiments, studying the nasal, corneal as well as the transbuccal administration [10,[17][18][19].…”