Exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy men

Jae, Sae Young; Fernhall, Bo; Heffernan, Kevin S.; Kang, Mira; Lee, Moon‐Kyu; Choi, Yoon Ho; Hong, Kyung Pyo; Ahn, Eun Jin; Park, Won Hah

doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000222758.54111.e2

Cited by 69 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Some authors only consider the systolic component of BP to define EBPR 21,23, while others take gender into account 24. With regard to tension levels, which are used as a cutoff point to define EBPR, the heterogeneity of opinions is even greater, both for SBP and DBP 19,20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exaggerated blood pressure response during the exercise treadmill test as a risk factor for hypertension

Lima

Albuquerque

Oliveira

et al. 2013

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) during the exercise treadmill test (ETT) has been considered to be a risk factor for hypertension. The relationship of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system gene with hypertension has not been established. Our objective was to evaluate whether EBPR during exercise is a clinical marker for hypertension. The study concerned a historical cohort of normotensive individuals. The exposed individuals were those who presented EBPR. At the end of the observation period (41.7 months = 3.5 years), the development of hypertension was analyzed within the two groups. Genetic polymorphisms and blood pressure behavior were assessed as independent variables, together with the classical risk factors for hypertension. The I/D gene polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and M235T of angiotensinogen were ruled out as risk factors for hypertension. EBPR during ETT is not an independent influence on the chances of developing hypertension. No differences were observed between the hypertensive and normotensive individuals regarding gender (P = 0.655), skin color (P = 0.636), family history of hypertension (P = 0.225), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.285), or hypertriglyceridemia (P = 0.734). The risk of developing hypertension increased with increasing body mass index (BMI) and advancing age. The risk factors, which independently influenced the development of hypertension, were age and BMI. EBPR did not constitute an independent risk factor for hypertension and is probably a preclinical phase in the spectrum of normotension and hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exaggerated blood pressure response during the exercise treadmill test as a risk factor for hypertension

Lima

Albuquerque

Oliveira

et al. 2013

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Maximal aerobic exercise testing has been employed to delineate physiologic differences between groups that may not be apparent at rest (9). Maximal exercise also acutely reduces peripheral muscular artery stiffness (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection following Exercise in Resistance-Trained Men

Heffernan

Jae

Echols

et al. 2007

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…This rate is consistent with that reported in a previous systematic review, which demonstrated that the prevalence of an exaggerated BP across multiple apparently healthy cohorts of varying age, sex, and ethnicity was approximately 3% to 4% . Although a disproportionate BP response to physical exertion is clinically significant and associated with an abnormal risk factor profile and impaired vascular function, the mechanisms underlying exercise‐induced hypertension remain unclear. Moreover, the prevalence of an exaggerated exercise BP response may partially depend on the exercise test modality, test protocol (maximal or submaximal test), criteria for an exaggerated exercise BP response, study population, sample size, or combinations thereof …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a normal blood pressure (BP) at rest, some individuals may demonstrate an exaggerated systolic BP (SBP) response to peak or symptom‐limited exercise testing, which is commonly referred to as “exercise‐induced hypertension.” In particular, an exaggerated SBP response to exercise testing has been independently associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular events . Previous studies involving relatively small sample sizes have suggested that an exaggerated SBP response to exercise testing may be associated with selected cardiovascular risk factors (eg, abnormal metabolic profiles, insulin resistance, inflammation, activated angiotensin II, vascular dysfunction, and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability), but the mechanisms underlying the hypertensive response to exercise remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of serum uric acid to an exaggerated systolic blood pressure response to exercise testing in men with normotension

Jae

Bunsawat

Choi

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

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The authors investigated the hypothesis that high serum uric acid concentrations may be related to an exaggerated systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to maximal exercise testing in men with normotension, independent of potential confounding variables. In 4640 healthy men with normotension who underwent maximal treadmill exercise testing and fasting blood chemistry studies, including serum uric acid concentrations, an exaggerated SBP response, defined as SBP ≥ 210 mm Hg, was detected in 152 men (3.3%). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of serum uric acid (>6.6 mg/dL) had a higher odds ratio of demonstrating an exaggerated SBP to maximal exercise (odds ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-3.86) compared with participants in the lowest quartile of serum uric acid (<5.1 mg/dL). High serum uric acid concentrations are associated with an exaggerated SBP response to maximal exercise testing in men with normotension, independent of established coronary risk factors.

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Exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy men

Abstract: These results suggest that an exaggerated SBP response to exercise is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis, independent of established risk factors in healthy men. It may be an important factor in evaluating hypertension related to target-organ damage.

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Exaggerated blood pressure response during the exercise treadmill test as a risk factor for hypertension

Exaggerated blood pressure response during the exercise treadmill test as a risk factor for hypertension

Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection following Exercise in Resistance-Trained Men

Relation of serum uric acid to an exaggerated systolic blood pressure response to exercise testing in men with normotension

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