Examination of a Human Heart Fabricating Its 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Model and Employing Computational Technologies

Abstract

In this paper, an innovative approach concerning the investigation of the human heart is introduced, employing state-of-the-art technologies. In particular, sophisticated algorithms were developed to automatically reconstruct a 3D model of a human heart based on DICOM data and to segment the main parts that constitute it. Regarding the reconstructed 3D model, a diagnosis of the examined patient can be derived, whereas in the present study, a clinical case involving the coarctation of the aorta was inspected. Moreover, numerical approaches that are able to simulate flows on complex shapes were considered. Thereupon, the outcomes of the computation analysis coupled with the segmented patient-specific 3D model were inserted in a virtual reality environment, where the clinicians can visualize the blood flow at the vessel walls and train on real-life medical scenarios, enhancing their procedural understanding prior to the actual operation. The physical model was 3D-printed via the MultiJet 3D printing process utilizing materials possessing an adequate mechanical response replicating the mechanical properties and the geometrical characteristics of the human heart. The presented tools aim at the creation of an innovative digital environment, where gaining surgical experience and developing pre-operative strategies could be achieved without the risk and anxiety of actual surgery.

Patient‐Specific Investigation of Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis Employing Additive Manufacturing Procedures and Numerical Simulations

“…In the last decade, numerous publications have presented the development and utilization of cutting‐edge technologies in order to study the structure, anatomy as well as the function of the human heart, providing enhanced visualization and advanced computation tools to healthcare professionals and researchers. [ 1–4 ] Indicatively, Charalampous et al. [ 1,2 ] developed a novel algorithm for automatic 3D reconstruction and segmentation of the human heart directly from 3D CT scans.…”

“…[ 1–4 ] Indicatively, Charalampous et al. [ 1,2 ] developed a novel algorithm for automatic 3D reconstruction and segmentation of the human heart directly from 3D CT scans. Moreover, Pavlin‐Premrl et al.…”