Examination of Age-Related Retinal Vascular Changes in the Macula Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Eyes After Cataract Surgery

Yoshikawa, Yuji; Shoji, T.; Kanno, Junji; Ibuki, Hisashi; Ozaki, Kimitake; Ishii, Hirokazu; Inami, Hiromi; Shinoda, Kei

doi:10.2147/opth.s323882

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Several studies have reported a significantly decreased in macular thickness and vessel density with age. 17,18 After adjusting for age, there were no significant differences in all parameters. This indicates that age is a very important factor affecting retinal thickness and vascular density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Eye and Brain 2023: 15 [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] An ATD diagnosis is made based on clinical presentations by an experienced neurologist or neuropsychiatrist and confirmed only by a postmortem brain biopsy. 3 At the moment, non-invasive procedures that assist in the diagnosis of ATD have been gaining interest as novel diagnostic tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Ocular Biomarkers from Normal Cognitive Aging to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Chaitanuwong¹,

Jariyakosol²,

Apinyawasisuk³

et al. 2023

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Purpose To identify ophthalmic findings in Alzheimer’s type dementia (ATD) compared to normal subjects. Patients and Methods This comparative descriptive study included participants from the institution’s cognitive fitness center. Complete ophthalmic examinations were performed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were used to analyze retinal thickness and vascular density. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score and tear breakup time (TBUT) were used to assess dry eye. The blink rate was counted by a well-trained observer. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE) score. Correlation analysis was performed to compare OCT, OCTA parameters, and TMSE. Results We included 24 ATD patients and 39 normal participants as a control group by age and sex-matched. The prevalence of dry eye using the Asia Dry Eye Society criteria was 15% and 13% in normal and ATD patients, respectively. The differences in OSDI scores, TBUT, and blink rate between the two groups were not statistically significant. The parafoveal and perifoveal macular thickness of the ATD group were significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.01). All parameters of the vessel density of the ATD group were significantly lower than in the control group, including the whole macular vessel density (p<0.01), optic disc vessel density at the nerve head level (p<0.01), and optic disc vessel density at the radial peripapillary capillary level (p<0.05). After age adjustment, there were no statistically significant differences in all the OCT and OCTA parameters. There was a positive correlation between retinal thickness and vessel density in the macular and optic disc region and TMSE scores. Conclusion Perifoveal and parafoveal retinal thickness might be more sensitive than peripapillary RNFL thickness to detect neurodegenerative changes in patients with ATD. Macular thickness and vessel density reduction were also positively correlated with cognitive decline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Ocular Biomarkers from Normal Cognitive Aging to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Chaitanuwong¹,

Jariyakosol²,

Apinyawasisuk³

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the algorithm might not have accurately identified the blood vessels in the OCTA images, and improvements are needed. However, it is known that OCTA measurements can be affected by various factors, such as the axial length, refractive error, and age ( 18 , 19 ), and our study compared the symmetrical retinal areas of the same eye. Thus, the effects of these factors were probably minor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluations of microvascular density by optical coherence tomography, angiography, and function by multifocal electroretinography of the macular area in eyes with branch retinal artery occlusion

Igawa,

Amaki,

Kanno

et al. 2023

Front. Ophthalmol.

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IntroductionIt is reported that eyes with a branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) had normal full-field electroretinography (ERG) but the response of the multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) was reduced in the area of the arterial occlusion. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a recently appeared modality that can evaluate microvascularizations in different retinal layers and in different regions of the retina. The purpose of this study was to determine the density of the microcirculation and the function of the macular area of eyes with BRAO, and to determine whether they are significantly correlated.MethodsThe OCTA and mfERG findings of 7 eyes of 6 patients (3 men, 3 women) were studied. The mean age of the patients was 71.7±10.6 years. The OCTA examinations were made with volume scans of 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm squares centered on the fovea. The macular vessel densities (mVD) in the superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deep retinal layer (DRL) were measured for the superior and inferior halves of 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm diameter concentric circles. The mfERGs were recorded with targets set to stimulate the focal areas of the retina corresponding to the areas examined by OCTA.ResultsThe OCTA examinations showed that the mVD of the 3 mm concentric circle in the SRL was significantly lower on the affected side than on the unaffected side (P = 0.022). No such difference was observed in the DRL. The N1 amplitude of the 20.2° concentric circle and the N1–P1 amplitude of the 10.1° concentric circle of the mfERGs were significantly smaller on the affected side than on the unaffected side (P = 0.047 and 0.031). A significant positive correlation was found between the mVD of the 6 mm concentric circle in the DRL and the P1–N2 amplitude of the 20.2° concentric circle (ρ = −0.929 and p = 0.003).DiscussionThese findings indicate that OCTA images may be able to show changes in the density of the retinal macular microcirculation, and the mfERGs may be able to show alterations in the function of the macular area of the eyes with BRAO. A layer-by-layer analysis of the local retinal microcirculation and function should help in determining the pathogenesis of BRAO.

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Factors affecting optical coherence tomography angiography signal strength index in patients receiving intravitreal injection treatment

Joo

Choi

Kim

et al. 2023

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Examination of Age-Related Retinal Vascular Changes in the Macula Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Eyes After Cataract Surgery

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Changes in Ocular Biomarkers from Normal Cognitive Aging to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Changes in Ocular Biomarkers from Normal Cognitive Aging to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Evaluations of microvascular density by optical coherence tomography, angiography, and function by multifocal electroretinography of the macular area in eyes with branch retinal artery occlusion

Factors affecting optical coherence tomography angiography signal strength index in patients receiving intravitreal injection treatment

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