Examination of ethnic racial identity exploration and commitment in emerging adults: Group comparisons and specific features of multiracial identity

Jensen, Cjersti J.; Koerten, Hannah R.; Mattei, Gina M.; Weinandy, Jennifer T. Grant; Froemming, Maren W.; Dulek, Erin B.; Dworsky, Dryw

doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1900197

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Multiracial participants in the present study reported lower ethnic identity compared to Black and Latino/a participants. This may be consistent with previous research showing that multiple ethnic identities can take more time to develop than single ones, and that multiracial young adults might have lower levels of social connection with minoritized ethnic communities or experience lower levels of ethnic identity salience because they are less likely to experience interpersonal racism (Jensen et al, 2021; Wilton et al, 2013). Black participants had the highest ethnic identity scores when compared to all other participants, suggesting ethnic identity was a highly salient aspect of their personal self-concepts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Post hoc analyses showed that Black, Latino/a, and multiracial study participants’ ethnic identity scores (see Table 2) were similar to scores of the same ethnic–racial groups of young adults without SMI reported in previous studies (Jensen et al, 2021; Mejia-Smith & Gushue, 2017; Williams et al, 2012; Black: M = 3.28, SD = .45; Latino/a: M = 2.98, SD = .33; Multi: M = 2.94, SD = .05; p s > .05). Because of participant sample size, we did not compare ethnic identity to prior samples of White young adults.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

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Ethnic identity, stress, and personal recovery outcomes among young adults with serious mental health conditions.

Moore¹,

Munson²,

Shimizu³

et al. 2022

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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Objective: Serious mental illnesses (SMI) often occur during early adulthood, just as young people are developing important aspects of their identity that can affect their recovery. Positive ethnic identity development is associated with stress coping and psychological well-being in young people. But, there is limited research to indicate how individual experiences of belonging and attachment to one’s ethnic group influence personal recovery processes among young adults living with SMI. Method: Young adults living with SMI (95% identified as ethnic/racial minorities) were recruited from four outpatient psychiatric rehabilitation programs (N = 83). Multivariate regressions were used to examine relationships between predictors (demographics, psychiatric symptomatology, ethnic identity) and the dependent variables (perceived stress and personal recovery). Results: A stronger, more developed ethnic identity and fewer depressive symptoms were associated with higher ratings of personal recovery. Increases in psychiatric symptoms predicted increased perceived stress. Post hoc analyses showed that Black, Latino/a, and multiracial study participants’ ethnic identity ratings were similar to those of same ethnic/racial group of young adults without SMI. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Ethnic identity development could be a significant psychosocial factor shaping mental health recovery among minority young people living with SMI. Several factors associated with psychological well-being among ethnic and racial minority youth may account for this, including adaptive coping, social support, and a buffering effect against racism. Our findings indicate that assessing and developing a young person’s ethnic identity-related strengths and resources as a means for improving the personalization of recovery services and enhancing the quality of care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Ethnic identity, stress, and personal recovery outcomes among young adults with serious mental health conditions.

Moore¹,

Munson²,

Shimizu³

et al. 2022

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similarly, differences have been observed based on race, such that multiracial emerging adults are more likely to endorse drinking to cope and engage in problematic and heavy episodic substance use than monoracial Black peers (Straka et al, 2020). Multiracial emerging adults may also have lower levels of ERI affirmation than monoracial minoritized individuals (Jensen et al, 2021). The PROCESS macro estimates the total and direct effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, the direct effect of the independent variable on the mediator, and the effect of the mediator of the dependent variable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the promotive pathway between ethnic-racial identity, depression and anxiety symptoms, and substance use among African American emerging adults.

Byer-Tyre¹,

Clifton²,

Faidley³

et al. 2024

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objective: Ethnic-racial identity (ERI) has been shown to have a promotive effect on substance use; however, the factors impacting this relationship have been explored less. The present study examined whether a promotive pathway exists between ERI, depression and anxiety symptoms, and problem substance use (i.e., alcohol and cannabis use) among a sample of African American emerging adults. Method: Participants were 388 African American or Black emerging adults aged 18–24 (M = 20.6), mostly female (62%) attending a Midwestern university or residing in the neighboring community. Data on demographics, ERI based on a total score and affirmation and exploration subscales, depression and anxiety symptoms, and problem alcohol and cannabis use were collected. The PROCESS macro for simple mediation was conducted to examine the role of depression and anxiety symptoms in the relationship between ERI and problem alcohol and cannabis use. Results: A significant indirect effect was found for the pathway between ERI, depression and anxiety symptoms, and each substance use outcome. Conclusions: Among African American emerging adults, ERI may reduce the risk for problem alcohol and cannabis use through reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms. Therefore, implementation of substance use interventions that strengthen ERI may be particularly beneficial to reduce risk, as well as promote psychological well-being among African American emerging adults.

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“…Additionally, older emerging adults in the United States may lose health insurance coverage as they age out of their parents’ health insurance coverage [ 12 ], and indeed, emerging adults have the lowest medical insurance coverage of any age group [ 13 ] and the highest utilization of the emergency department for medical care [ 14 , 15 ]. Minority emerging adults experience this transition differently than their non-Hispanic White peers [ 16 – 18 ] and have been shown to be at an increased risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes [ 19 ]. While little is known about COVID-19 outcomes in Black American emerging adults with asthma, previous research has shown that COVID-19 exacerbated, rather than alleviated, existing health inequities [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccine intentions and attitudes in Black American emerging adults with asthma

Hall,

Movva,

Dailey

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Emerging adults (aged 18–29) are less likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine than any other adult age group. Black Americans are less likely than non-Hispanic white Americans to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19. This study explored factors which affect vaccine intention and attitudes in Black American emerging adults with asthma. Methods Participants were recruited from an NHLBI-funded clinical trial to improve asthma control. Fifty-nine Black American emerging adults completed a Qualtrics survey that assessed asthma control, intention to vaccinate, and factors which may affect the decision to vaccinate. Twenty-five participants also completed a semi-structured interview via Zoom. Bivariate correlations and descriptive statistics, including Chi Square analyses, were run using SPSS. Interview thematic analyses were conducted via QDA Miner. Results Of the 59 Black American emerging adults with asthma who completed surveys, 32.2% responded that they were highly unlikely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, while 50.8% responded that they were highly likely to receive it. Increased asthma control was significantly correlated with a higher likelihood to discuss the COVID-19 vaccine with their healthcare provider (ρ = 0.339, α = 0.011). Concerns about immediate (ρ= -0.261, α = 0.050) and long-term (ρ= -0.280, α = 0.035) side effects were inversely correlated with intention to vaccinate. Only 17% of the participants who were unemployed stated that they were highly likely to receive the vaccines compared to 65% of the participants who were employed; however, interview participants who were unemployed stated not needing the vaccine because they were protecting themselves by social distancing. When deciding whether to receive the vaccine, safety, efficacy, and immediate side effects were the top three factors for 91%, 54%, and 49% of the participants, respectively. Beliefs about the vaccines’ safety and efficacy, information gathering, personal factors, and societal factors emerged as important themes from the interviews. Conclusion Only half of the surveyed Black American emerging adults with asthma were highly likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Safety and efficacy were important for the majority of the participants, regardless of vaccine intention. Greater asthma control, but not access to asthma-related healthcare, was correlated with intention to discuss the vaccine with their healthcare provider.

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Examination of ethnic racial identity exploration and commitment in emerging adults: Group comparisons and specific features of multiracial identity

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

Ethnic identity, stress, and personal recovery outcomes among young adults with serious mental health conditions.

Ethnic identity, stress, and personal recovery outcomes among young adults with serious mental health conditions.

Exploring the promotive pathway between ethnic-racial identity, depression and anxiety symptoms, and substance use among African American emerging adults.

COVID-19 vaccine intentions and attitudes in Black American emerging adults with asthma

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