Examination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium distribution in naturally infected hens by culture and triplex quantitative real time PCR

Kaevska, Marija; Slaná, Iva; Králík, Petr; Pavlík, I.

doi:10.17221/2966-vetmed

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A high number of tuberculous lesions present in lymph nodes were ZN positive but not confirmed by culture (43). This and other studies suggest that correlation among different diagnostic methods would be complicated (24,45). The infectious route of mycobacteria (other than in tuberculosis) has been studied on several occasions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“ Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis ” in Neck Lymph Nodes of Children and their Environment Examined by Culture and Triplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR

et al. 2011

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"Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis" often causes cervical lymphadenitis in children; its prompt and accurate identification enables adequate therapy, tracing, and prevention. The aims of this study were to determine the causative agent of lymphadenitis using culture, PCR, and triplex quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) methods with DNA directly isolated from tissue, as well as to identify possible sources of infection from the environment. We confirmed the diagnoses by detecting M. avium subsp. hominissuis using qPCR with DNA directly isolated from lymph node biopsy specimens of two patients. In order to trace the source of infection from the environment, a method of DNA isolation from soil and other environmental samples, such as dust, cobwebs, and compost, was developed. The triplex qPCR examination revealed the presence of M. avium subsp. hominissuis in a high proportion of the environmental samples (42.8% in the first patient's house and 47.6% in the second patient's house). Both patients were also exposed to M. avium subsp. avium, which was present due to the breeding of infected domestic hens. The high infectious dose of M. avium subsp. hominissuis or the increased susceptibility of humans to M. avium subsp. hominissuis compared to M. avium subsp. avium could be the reason why the children were infected with M. avium subsp. hominissuis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“ Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis ” in Neck Lymph Nodes of Children and their Environment Examined by Culture and Triplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR

et al. 2011

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“…However, due to the long incubation period required to ob- serve clinical symptoms and pathoanatomical lesions combined with the relatively short lifespans of birds kept on breeding farms, mycobacterial infection can easily be missed. Therefore, to increase the probability of M. a. avium detection, it would be more suitable to use culture or direct PCR tests for bird tissue examinations (Shitaye et al, 2008a;Silva et al, 2009;Kaevska et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) living in captivity and in other birds, vertebrates, non-vertebrates and the environment

Morávková¹,

Lamka²,

Kříž³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med.

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Although avian mycobacteriosis is not prevalent among domestic fowl used for intensive husbandry, it has been described in both free living birds and birds in captivity, e.g., zoological gardens and small fowl flocks. In this study, we examined 305 pheasants from six flocks as well as 70 other birds belonging to 14 species and 97 other vertebrates caught in a closed area. We also investigated the prevalence of mycobacteria in non-vertebrates (earthworms) and soil in two pheasant flocks. Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (M. a. avium) was isolated in four flocks from 17 (5.6%) pheasants. In one M. a. avium-infected pheasant co-infection with M. a. hominissuis was diagnosed. Granulomatous inflammatory lesions were observed in liver and spleen in only four M. a. avium-infected pheasants originating from two flocks. From the other 38 pheasants other mycobacterial species were isolated, such as M. fortuitum, M. terrae, M. triviale, M. chelonae, M. scrofulaceum, M. smegmatis, M. flavescens, M. diernhoferi and non-identifiable mycobacterial species. In the group of 70 birds of other species, we identified M. a. avium in two (2.9%) goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). We did not isolate M. a. avium from any of the other 97 vertebrates, the 391 environment samples or 97 earthworms.

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“…The M. avium subspecies causes avian tuberculosis, paratuberculosis and avian mycobacterioses in a wide variety of domestic and wild animals (Biet et al 2005;Pavlik et al 2005;Kaevska et al 2010;Kriz et al 2010a;Blahutkova et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mycobacteria in peat used as a supplement for pigs: failure of different decontamination methods to eliminate the risk

Mátlová¹,

Kaevska²,

Morávková³

et al. 2012

Vet. Med.

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Peat used as a feed supplement for piglets has favourable dietetic qualities; however, its frequent contamination with potentially pathogenic mycobacteria (PPM) has been shown to pose a potential risk to piglet health. The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible ways of devitalising mycobacteria. Examination of 118 samples from various types of commercially available peat (natural peat, packed peat for horticulture and specially processed peat intended for piglet feeding) showed that PPM were present in 84 (71.1%) samples. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (82.1%) was the most frequent mycobacterial isolate. In addition, from a natural locality where peat is mined and stored in large piles for up to four months, mycobacteria were detected in peat samples collected from the surface and from up to 25 cm in depth. We used different physical and chemical procedures for peat decontamination (peracetic acid, formaldehyde, steam, and microwave radiation) in attempting to devitalise the mycobacteria in peat. We found that PPM can be reliably devitalised with 1.0% peracetic acid, or 5.0% formaldehyde. However, under field conditions, when using bulk amounts of peat, none of the above procedures were shown to be suitable. Based on these results, the feeding of peat to piglets is confirmed as a high-risk practice.

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Examination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium distribution in naturally infected hens by culture and triplex quantitative real time PCR

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

“ Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis ” in Neck Lymph Nodes of Children and their Environment Examined by Culture and Triplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR

“ Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis ” in Neck Lymph Nodes of Children and their Environment Examined by Culture and Triplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR

The presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) living in captivity and in other birds, vertebrates, non-vertebrates and the environment

Mycobacteria in peat used as a supplement for pigs: failure of different decontamination methods to eliminate the risk

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