Examination of some pigments, grounds and media from Egyptian cartonnage fragments in the Petrie Museum, University College London

Scott, David A.; Wärmländer, Sebastian K.T.S.; Mazurek, Joy; Quirke, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.12.011

Cited by 87 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The use of different chromatographic methods to analyse the same material is also becoming more routine, particularly in the area of dyes and paints where organic colourants may be mixed with different binding materials (165,166). Where inorganic colourants are also present, a combination of chromatographic and other techniques such as XRF, XRD, SEM, SEM-EDX, Raman and FT-IR can provide a complete characterization of the paints, dyes or other materials being analysed (28,122,(167)(168)(169).…”

Section: The Use Of Multiple Techniques In Residue Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Steele

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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The analysis of organic residues from archaeological materials has become increasingly important to our understanding of ancient diet, trade and technology. Residues from diverse contexts have been retrieved and analysed from the remains of food, medicine and cosmetics to hafting material on stone arrowheads, pitch and tar from shipwrecks, and ancient manure from soils. Research has brought many advances in our understanding of archaeological, organic residues over the past two decades. Some have enabled very specific and detailed interpretations of materials preserved in the archaeological record. However there are still areas where we know very little, like the mechanisms at work during the formation and preservation of residues, and areas where each advance produces more questions rather than answers, as in the identification of degraded fats. This chapter will discuss some of the significant achievements in the field over the past decade and the ongoing challenges for research in this area.1341280_File000001_20903114.docPrinted 7/19/2013 2

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Section: The Use Of Multiple Techniques In Residue Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Steele

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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“…In this work we report an imaging study of Egyptian objects with a novel portable setup for timeresolved photoluminescence (TRPL) imaging and spectroscopy, with a focus on the analysis of Egyptian Blue and lake pigments on artefacts. Photoluminescence (PL) of pigments and paint has received significant attention due to its practical use in the assessment of the condition of works of art: for example, aged organic varnishes may appear more luminescent than freshly applied paint and some pigments, including semiconductor materials, Open Access *Correspondence: austinnevin@gmail.com † Daniela Comelli and Austin Nevin contributed equally to this work 2 Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article emit characteristic PL signals [1]. Among ancient Egyptian pigments, Egyptian blue and madder-based red lakes are luminescent and are routinely identified with the aid of microscopic and spectroscopic analysis [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photoluminescence (PL) of pigments and paint has received significant attention due to its practical use in the assessment of the condition of works of art: for example, aged organic varnishes may appear more luminescent than freshly applied paint and some pigments, including semiconductor materials, Open Access *Correspondence: austinnevin@gmail.com † Daniela Comelli and Austin Nevin contributed equally to this work 2 Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article emit characteristic PL signals [1]. Among ancient Egyptian pigments, Egyptian blue and madder-based red lakes are luminescent and are routinely identified with the aid of microscopic and spectroscopic analysis [2]. While the fluorescence observed in madder lakes is due to the anthraquinone molecules purpurin and alizarin, the optical emission of Egyptian blue has been ascribed to Cu 2+ in a solid calcium-silica matrix [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual wavelength excitation for the time-resolved photoluminescence imaging of painted ancient Egyptian objects

et al. 2016

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Background:The scientific imaging of works of art is crucial for the assessment of the presence and distribution of pigments and other materials on surfaces. It is known that some ancient pigments are luminescent: these include pink red-lakes and the blue and purple pigments Egyptian Blue (CaCuSi 4 O 10 ), Han blue (BaCuSi 4 O 10 ) and Han purple (BaCuSi 2 O 6 ). Indeed, the unique near-infrared luminescence emission of Egyptian blue allows the imaging of its distribution on surfaces. Results:We focus on the imaging of the time-resolved photoluminescence of ancient Egyptian objects in the Burri Collection from the Civic Museum of Crema and of the Cremasco (Italy). Time-resolved photoluminescence images have been acquired using excitation at 355 nm for detecting the ns-emission of red lakes and binding media; by employing 532 nm excitation Egyptian blue is probed, and the spatial distribution of its long-lived microsecond emission is imaged. For the first time we provide data on the photoluminescence lifetime of Egyptian blue directly from objects. Moreover, we demonstrate that the use of a pulsed laser emitting at two different wavelengths increases the effectiveness of the lifetime imaging technique for mapping the presence of emissions from pigments on painted surfaces. Laser-induced luminescence spectra from different areas of the objects and traditional digital imaging, using led-based lamps, long pass filters and a commercial photographic camera, complement the results from photoluminescence lifetime imaging. We demonstrate the versatility of a new instrumental setup, capable of recording decay emission kinetics with lifetimes from nanosecond to microseconds. Conclusions:While the combined wavelength approach for the imaging of emissions from different materials has been demonstrated for the study of ancient Egyptian pigments (both organic and inorganic), the method could be extended to the analysis of modern pigments and paintings.

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“…Anhydrite was also detected. The presence of anhydrite indicated that the preparation materials were subjected to elevated temperatures, since gypsum (dihydrate phase, CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) converts into the metastable phase bassanite (hemihydrate, CaSO 4 ·0.5H 2 O) at around 90 ºC, while heating to above 200 ºC produces the stable phase anhydrite CaSO 4 [33]. In Figure 9a, we can also detect quartz, which belongs to sand deposits adhered to the surface of the preparation and painted layers.…”

Section: The Preparatory Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These elements provide the possibility for the presence of Egyptian blue and yellow ochre pigment. Mixtures of Egyptian blue and yellow ochre to create a green color have been reported in some works [33,[44][45].…”

Section: Green Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific investigation by technical photography, OM, ESEM, XRF, XRD and FTIR of an ancient Egyptian polychrome wooden coffin

Abdrabou¹,

Abdallah²,

Kamal³

2017

Cons. Património

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The focus of this study is to use a multi-analytical approach to map and identify the pigments used on a polychrome wooden coffin (Late Period), as well as to provide a deeper understanding of the painting techniques and the condition of the object. Moreover, the authors are significantly interested in the identification of the wood species. These were identified by observing the thin sections of samples under an optical transmission light microscope; the painted materials layered on the wood surface were analyzed by several scientific and analytical methods. Furthermore, the previous consolidation material and salts were also identified. The application of technical photography provided useful information about the spatial distribution of the surviving original pigments and the materials used in previous restoration interventions, in particular visible-induced luminescence, which played an important role to recognize spatial distribution of areas containing Egyptian blue, even if it is in traces or mixed with other pigments. However complete characterization of the pigments was only possible with the use of other techniques. ResumoEste estudo pretende usar uma abordagem multi-analítica para mapear e identificar os pigmentos usados num sarcófago de madeira policromada (Época Baixa), assim como proporcionar um mais detalhado conhecimento das técnicas de pintura e do seu estado de conservação. Além disso, os autores estão especialmente interessados na identificação das espécies de madeira. Estas foram identificadas através da observação, ao microscópio óptico de transmissão, de lâminas delgadas e a camada cromática sobre a madeira foi analisada com o recurso a diferentes métodos de exame e análise. Além disso foram igualmente identificados o material de consolidação utilizado numa intervenção anterior e os sais. A fotografia técnica proporcionou informação útil sobre a distribuição espacial dos pigmentos originais e dos materiais usados em anteriores intervenções. A luminescência visível induzida foi sobremaneira útil para se perceber a distribuição do azul egípcio, mesmo quando em concentrações vestigiais ou misturado com outros pigmentos. No entanto, a caracterização detalhada dos pigmentos só foi possível através dos outros métodos usados.

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Examination of some pigments, grounds and media from Egyptian cartonnage fragments in the Petrie Museum, University College London

Cited by 87 publications

References 20 publications

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Dual wavelength excitation for the time-resolved photoluminescence imaging of painted ancient Egyptian objects

Scientific investigation by technical photography, OM, ESEM, XRF, XRD and FTIR of an ancient Egyptian polychrome wooden coffin

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