Examination of the fetal heart by five short‐axis views: a proposed screening method for comprehensive cardiac evaluation

Yagel, Simcha; Cohen, S. M.; Achiron, Reuven

doi:10.1046/j.1469-0705.2001.00414.x

Cited by 286 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The outcome and statistics of 86 pregnancies from the different groups that opted to continue their pregnancies were calculated. There was a significant statistical difference between the three cardiac abnormality groups with respect to the parental decisions to continue pregnancy (Group B1, n=37; Group B2, n=12; and Group B3, n=57) in relation to cases in which the pregnancy continued (χ 2 Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was not used and there were no neonatal intensive care unit (NİCU) admissions in the B1 group. In B2, two cases with transposition of great arteries and one case with coarctation received treatment with PGE1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These malformations are 6.5 times more common than chromosomal abnormalities and 4 times more common than neural tube defects (5,6). Furthermore, four of 1000 live births will be affected by severe congenital cardiac malformations, which account for 20% of neonatal deaths and up to 50% of infant deaths attributed to congenital anomalies (2,6). Nevertheless differences exist in the rates of prenatal diagnosis and termination of CHDs across populations, and through time (7)(8)(9), which has an impact on the live birth prevalence of the more severe cases of CHDs, particularly for hypo-plastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and related morbidity and mortality (3,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common congenital anomalies that affect 8 of 1000 live births and are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period (1)(2)(3)(4). These malformations are 6.5 times more common than chromosomal abnormalities and 4 times more common than neural tube defects (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Counseling and outcomes of antenatally diagnosed congenital heart anomalies in Turkey

Gedikbaşı¹,

Öztarhan²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2011

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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ÖZETAmaç: Prenatal tanı almış, fetal kalp anomalilerinin, klinik sonuçları ve aile kararlarının değerlendirilmesi. Yöntemler: Prenatal doğumsal kalp anomali tanısı konmuş olgular (n=155), retrospektif yöntemle Allan ve Huggon'ın sınıflandırması doğrultu-sunda, Grup A (doğumsal kalp anomalisine eşlik eden ağır / ölümcül kalp dışı patoloji); Grup B1 (postnatal prognoz açısından düşük risk), Grup B2 (orta risk, düşük mortalite oranı ile uyumlu cerrahi mortalite) ve Grup B3 (yüksek risk-cerrahi sonrası için yüksek mortalite) olarak sınıflan-dırıldı. Ailelere verilen, danışma sonrası yenidoğan verileri, buna gebelik sonlandırması dahil edilmiştir ve 18 ay süreyle izlendi. Bulgular: Olguların 145'inin izlemi tam olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Otuz dokuz olguda (Grup A) eşlik eden ölümcül kalp dışı anomaliler saptanmış-tır ve bunların gebelik sonlandırılmasına karar verilmiştir; bu olgular istatistiksel değerlendirmeye alınmamıştır. Grup B3' teki olguların 20 tanesi de gebelik sonlandırmasına karar verdi. Diğer üç kalp anomalisi gruplarında, gebeliğin devamına karar veren ailelerde (Grup B1, n=37; Grup B2, n=12; Grup B3, n=37), 18 ayın sonunda sağkalım oranları sırasıyla %89.2, %66.7 ve %13.5 bulunmuştur. İstatistiksel verilerin değerlendirmesinde Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Pearson's Ki-kare testi ve Fischer's exact Ki-kare testi uygulanmıştır. Sağkalım açısından 3 grupta istatistiksel anlamlılık saptanmıştır [Grup B3 ile Grup B1: p=0.0001; OR: 52.8 (12.9-214.5); Grup B3 ile Grup B2: p=0.0009; OR: 12.8 (2.8-58.9); Grup B2 ile Grup B1: p=0.087; OR: 4.12 (0.84-20.2)]. Sonuç: Uygulamalarımız ve istatistiksel sonuçlarımız, bu sınıflama sisteminin, doğumsal kalp anomalileri açısından ebeveynlere verilecek danış-mada etkili olduğunu gösterdi. ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the clinical outcomes and decisions of families of fetuses with prenatally-diagnosed cardiac abnormalities. Methods: Prenatally diagnosed cases (n=155) with congenital heart disease were retrospectively categorized according to the Allan-Huggon grading system: Group A (cardiac disease associated with severe / lethal extracardiac disease); Group B1 (low risk with a postnatal prognosis); Group B2 (moderate risk, amenable to surgical repair with a low mortality); and Group B3 (high risk, associated with high mortality after surgery). Neonatal outcomes, including termination of pregnancy, were recorded for 18 months of follow-up after counseling the parents. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Pearson's Chi-square test and Fischer's exact Chi-square test were used for statistical analyses. Results: One hundred forty-five cases completed follow up. Thirty-nine cases (Group A) were associated with extracardiac lethal defects and the pregnancies were terminated; these cases were excluded from statistical evaluation. Twenty parents in Group B3 opted also for termination. The survival rates of ongoing pregnancies after 18 months of follow-up between the three cardiac abnormality Groups (Group B1, n=37; Group B2, n=12; and Group B3, n=37) were 89.2%, 66.7%, and...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Counseling and outcomes of antenatally diagnosed congenital heart anomalies in Turkey

Gedikbaşı¹,

Öztarhan²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2011

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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“…The axial images presented here are based on the five short axis views 29 (Figures 17–24). These views can also be assessed with color and/or power Doppler.…”

Section: The Fetal Chest and Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pictorial guide for the second trimester ultrasound

Bethune

Alibrahim

Davies

et al. 2013

Australas J Ultrason Med

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Introduction: The second trimester ultrasound remains an important screening tool for detecting fetal abnormalities. This pictorial guide for the second trimester ultrasound is designed to assist practitioners to produce a high quality diagnostic survey of the fetus by demonstrating and describing recommended images. Methods: Each image is discussed in detail and has an associated drawn line diagram to aid in the identification of the important features of that image. There is a description of the salient landmarks and relevant measurements. Result: The authors hope this article may act as a useful guide to all practitioners performing second trimester ultrasounds.

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“…A well-executed STIC acquisition 5 contains all the necessary planes for evaluation of the five classic transverse planes of fetal echocardiography 6,7 . The operator can examine the fetal upper abdomen and stomach, then scroll cephalad to obtain the familiar fourchamber view, the five-chamber view, the bifurcation of the pulmonary arteries, and finally the three-vessel and trachea view.…”

Section: Screening Examination Of the Fetal Heart With 3d/4d Ultrasoumentioning

confidence: 99%

3D and 4D ultrasound in fetal cardiac scanning: a new look at the fetal heart

Yagel

Cohen

Shapiro

et al. 2007

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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159

121

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Examination of the fetal heart by five short‐axis views: a proposed screening method for comprehensive cardiac evaluation

Cited by 286 publications

References 17 publications

Counseling and outcomes of antenatally diagnosed congenital heart anomalies in Turkey

Counseling and outcomes of antenatally diagnosed congenital heart anomalies in Turkey

A pictorial guide for the second trimester ultrasound

3D and 4D ultrasound in fetal cardiac scanning: a new look at the fetal heart

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