Examination of the heterogeneity in PTSD and impulsivity facets: A latent profile analysis

Abstract

The experience of traumatizing events and resulting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomology relates to a range of impulsive behaviors. While both PTSD and impulsivity are heterogeneous and multidimensional constructs, no research has used person-centered approaches to examine subgroups of individuals based on these response endorsements. Hence, our study examined PTSD-impulsivity typologies and their construct validity in two samples: university students ( = 412) and community participants recruited through Amazon's MTurk ( = 346). Measures included the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (PTEs), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PTSD severity), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking). Dimensions of Anger Reaction Scale (anger), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression). For both samples, results of latent profile analyses indicated a best-fitting 3-class solution: High, Moderate, and Low PTSD-Negative Urgency. Negative urgency was the most distinguishing impulsivity facet. Anger and depression severity significantly predicted membership in the more severe symptomatology classes. Thus, individuals can be meaningfully categorized into three subgroups based on PTSD and impulsivity item endorsements. We provide some preliminary evidence for a subtype of PTSD characterized by greater depression and anger regulation difficulties; and underscore addressing emotional regulation skills for these subgroup members.

Heterogeneous Patterns of Marijuana Use Motives Using Latent Profile Analysis

“…Characterization of classes-With the aim of objectively categorizing/defining subgroups and consistent with prior work (e.g., Contractor, Caldas, Weiss, & Armour, 2018;Mȕllerová, Hansen, Contractor, Elhai, & Armour, 2016), the most likely class membership -based on posterior probabilities indicating LPA group classification-were imported into SPSS 24.0 and univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to examine omnibus differences on marijuana use motives between LPA classes; follow-up pairwise Games-Howell post hoc analyses were used to evaluate specific between-class differences in marijuana use motives and Cohen's d were interpreted for effect size estimates.…”

Status, rivalry and admiration-seeking in narcissism and depression: A behavioral study

“…Back and colleagues termed narcissistic self-enhancement admiration-seeking (seeking status through self-promotion), and narcissistic self-protection rivalry (antagonizing those perceived as threatening) [ 26 ]. Whereas healthy rivalry is attuned to the social rank of the opponent, highly narcissistic persons may engage in indisciminate rivalry [ 27 ], often despite dire moral and financial consequences, and without explicit provocation [ 28 ]. At the same time, admiration-seeking takes a comparative form in more narcissistic individuals [ 29 ], and is mostly directed towards high-status others [ 27 ].…”

Predicting Gambling Situations: The Roles of Impulsivity, Substance Use, and Post-Traumatic Stress

“…24,25 Similarly, trait impulsivity is known to be a common underlying factor between both PPG/ GD [26][27][28] and PTSS/PTSD. 29,30 This is particularly notable as PTSS/PTSD are often associated with risk-taking behaviors and sensation-seeking aspects of impulsivity, [31][32][33] both of which predict gambling behaviors. 34 As such, when seeking to ascertain the influence of PTSS/PTSD on gambling situations, accounting for the roles of substance use/abuse and the role of trait impulsivity is prudent, as both may represent confounding variables.…”