Examination of the newborn

Rennie, Janet M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3479-4.00014-3

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The onset of ETN is usually between 24 and 48 hours, but may occur at any time from birth to 14 days. 1 The characteristic lesions are poorly demarcated erythematous macules, often surmounted by central pale papules on erythematous base, some with predominantly pustules. 11 Even though, the manifestation of ETN looks threatening and overwhelming to lots of parental concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Birthmarks at the 4 Central Hospitals in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Sanaphay

Sengchanh

Phengsavanh

et al. 2021

Global Pediatric Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Newborn skin disorders are quite common and happen to occur during the neonatal period. Most of the birthmarks are transient; however, worried parents often seek medical advice from their child’s physician regarding skin lesions. Thus, it is important to differentiate the skin lesions from pathologic ones to avoid unnecessary diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. This is the first published study in Lao neonates that carried out the data from 4 central hospitals in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR from September 2019 to February 2020. Among 500 neonates, Sebaceous gland hyperplasia (53%), Mongolian patches (46.6%), and Erythema toxicum neonatorum (30%) were the 3 most common cutaneous conditions found in the Lao newborns. From a clinical point of view, these findings are often a source of parental anxiety and medical concern for inexperienced clinicians.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Birthmarks at the 4 Central Hospitals in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Sanaphay

Sengchanh

Phengsavanh

et al. 2021

Global Pediatric Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is most commonly described in neonates as a complication during instrumentationaided delivery. 1 In neonates, subgaleal hemorrhage can be life-threatening, because the perinatal subgaleal area can hold approximately 250 mL of blood, nearly the entire infant's circulating volume. 1 Blood accumulates beneath the galea aponeurotica, in the loose areolar tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 In neonates, subgaleal hemorrhage can be life-threatening, because the perinatal subgaleal area can hold approximately 250 mL of blood, nearly the entire infant's circulating volume. 1 Blood accumulates beneath the galea aponeurotica, in the loose areolar tissue. 2 This layer of the scalp allows for free movement of its more superior layers (from deep to superficial: galea aponeurotica, connective tissue, skin).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgaleal Hemorrhage Secondary to Child Physical Abuse in a 4-Year-Old Boy

Bowens

Liker

2020

Pediatr Emer Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subgaleal hemorrhage is commonly described in the neonatal population but is a rare injury in young children and adolescents. Though infrequently seen, it can follow blunt head trauma or hair pulling. This case report details a 4-year-old African American boy with massive subgaleal hemorrhage and bilateral periorbital swelling and ecchymosis as a result of hair pulling in the setting of child physical abuse. The patient was evaluated in the emergency department for swelling of his scalp several hours after reportedly bumping his head on a chair. He was discharged home after a head computed tomography only confirmed soft tissue hematoma. The following morning, the findings progressed and he returned to the emergency department. He was triaged as a trauma and initially evaluated by the emergency physician, pediatric trauma surgeon, and pediatric neurosurgeon. Head computed tomography scan confirmed diffuse scalp edema without skull fracture or intracranial pathology. The child abuse specialty service was consulted for suspected child physical abuse. Their examination revealed numerous scattered bruises on the trunk and thighs, several of which were patterned. Local police investigation resulted in the patient's grandfather confessing to striking the patient with a belt and picking him up from the ground by his hair, the latter of which is a mechanism consistent with the patient's dramatic scalp and facial findings. The authors encourage consultation by a specialist in child abuse pediatrics for subgaleal hemorrhage and/or raccoon eyes in the presence of minor trauma, as well as thorough head-totoe skin examination for all children presenting with injuries.

show abstract

“…[12][13][14] The hemolysis index aids in evaluating sample integrity as an indicator of the number of destroyed red blood cells present in a sample. 13,15 Warming of the incision site before heel stick may be beneficial for collecting pH and blood gas specimens as well, 16,17 and studies also found that warming the heel may reduce the infant's pain. 7,18 The purpose of heel warming is to ensure the quality of both the procedure and the sample obtained.…”

Section: Background and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Warming Prior to Heel Stick

Toennesen,

Kierkegaard,

Kofoed

et al. 2023

Advances in Neonatal Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Capillary blood sampling (heel stick) in infants is commonly performed in neonatal care units. Before the procedure, warming the infant's heel is often a customary practice, but no consensus exists on the most effective heel-warming method. Purpose: To compare the effects of routinely used warming methods (glove, gel pack, or blanket) applied prior to heel stick on blood sample quality and infant's comfort. Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit included infants (postmenstrual age of ≥28 + 0 weeks and ≤43 + 6 weeks) who were computer-randomized to 1 of 3 warming methods. The primary outcome was blood flow velocity at sampling. Secondary outcomes were hemolysis index, infant COMFORTneo score, and frequency of postprocedure skin injuries. In addition, irrespective of the warming method used, the correlation between heel skin temperature and postprocedure heel skin injury was analyzed. Results: A total of 176 heel warmings were successfully randomized, and 173 were analyzed. Despite a significant difference in obtained heel skin temperature after warming between the 3 warming methods (P = .001), no difference in blood flow velocity (P = .91), hemolysis index (P = .99), or COMFORTneo score (P = .76) was found. Baseline skin temperatures above 37.0°C were associated with higher incidences of skin injury, and skin temperatures after warming were significantly higher in skin-injured heels (P = .038). Implications for Practice and Research: All 3 warming methods had similar effects on blood sample quality and infant's comfort. However, excessive warming of the heel should be avoided to prevent skin injuries.

show abstract

Examination of the newborn

Cited by 12 publications

References 72 publications

Neonatal Birthmarks at the 4 Central Hospitals in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Neonatal Birthmarks at the 4 Central Hospitals in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Subgaleal Hemorrhage Secondary to Child Physical Abuse in a 4-Year-Old Boy

Warming Prior to Heel Stick

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About