Examiner’s finger-mounted near-infrared spectroscopy is feasible to analyze cerebral and skeletal muscle oxygenation in conscious Chihuahuas

Abstract

, "Examiner's finger-mounted nearinfrared spectroscopy is feasible to analyze cerebral and skeletal muscle oxygenation in conscious Chihuahuas," J. Biomed. Opt. 22(2), 026006 (2017), doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.22.2.026006. Abstract. To measure regional saturation of oxygen (rSO 2 ) of hemoglobin and total hemoglobin index (HbI) in the brain (through the molera of the head) and skeletal muscle (musculus gracilis) of conscious Chihuahua dogs using an examiner's finger-mounted near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device, Toccare, we investigated brain and skeletal muscle NIRS in 48 Chihuahuas without severe disease. To measure rSO 2 and total HbI, a Toccare probe was placed on the molera of the head and musculus gracilis of each dog for real-time recording. Stable NIRS values were obtained within 10 s. We also examined the effect of anesthesia on rSO 2 and total HbI of a Chihuahua. Cerebral rSO 2 values (59% AE 7%) were significantly lower than those obtained at femoral regions (67% AE 6%), whereas total HbI values in the brain (0.38 AE 0.09) were significantly higher than those of the musculus gracilis (0.20 AE 0.05). Sedation with a combination of medetomidine and ketamine decreased cerebral rSO 2 along with a corresponding reduction in heart rate. Sevoflurane anesthesia with 100% O 2 maintained rSO 2 in the brain with an even lower heart rate. In conclusions, we measured brain and skeletal muscle rSO 2 of hemoglobin in conscious Chihuahuas using a newly developed NIRS device, Toccare, and found that changes in cerebral oxygenation levels were associated with administration of anesthetics. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

A near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device unveils oxygenation levels in skeletal muscle and brain of a conscious Harris’s Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus)

“…Our previous study demonstrated that the brain rSO 2 values of healthy Chihuahuas at rest were approx. 60% (Hiwatashi et al 2017), suggesting that there is room for further study regarding potential heterogeneity of cerebral oxygen levels between these species.…”

“…In veterinary medicine, biophotonics approaches have been used to examine skin and subcutaneous tumors and to predict the prognosis of lymphoma (Cugmas and Spigulis 2019). We recently demonstrated that an examiner's finger-mounted NIRS device is feasible to analyze the oxygenation revels of brain and skeletal muscles in conscious Chihuahua dogs in a study of microcirculatory physiology among companion animals (Hiwatashi et al 2017). In that study, we proposed that Chihuahuas are suitable models for measuring the oxygenation levels of the brain due to the existence of the skull's molera in this breed.…”

Biophotonics in veterinary medicine: the first steps toward clinical translation

“…The potential future work in veterinary medicine can be an evaluation of patients with trauma, sepsis, and surgical diseases, and to detect occult shock 25 . Additionally, cerebral and skeletal muscle oxygenation (regional saturation of oxygen (rSO 2 ) and total hemoglobin index (HbI)) was measured by finger-held NIRS device in small dogs (Chihuahua) 32 . Measuring oxy-and deoxy-hemoglobin with functional NIRS (fNIRS) can observe canine behavior changes 33 .…”

Effect of the presence of amniotic fluid for optical transabdominal fetal monitoring using Monte Carlo simulations

“…Computational modeling in the literature [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] was used to determine design parameters and efficacy of detection and phantom studies [7,8,11,[15][16][17][18][19] were used to test prototypes. Pre-clinical [20][21][22][23] and clinical studies [7,[24][25][26][27][28] were performed to determine overall feasibility with the realistic conditions that transabdominal fetal pulse oximetry might encounter.…”