Examining “Developmental Me”

Hill, Patrick L.; Roberts, Brent W.

doi:10.1002/9781118093108.ch17

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Moreover, if narcissistic traits precede NPD, these characteristics should be observable in childhood. This has been shown to be the case by several research groups (Thomaes, Stegge, Bushman, Olthof & Denissen, 2008; Kerig & Stellwagen, 2010; Tackett & Mackrell, 2011; Hill & Roberts, 2011).…”

Section: Npd Is Biopsychosocialmentioning

confidence: 74%

Modernity and narcissistic personality disorder.

Paris¹

2014

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a trait-based disorder that can be understood as a pathological amplification of narcissistic traits. While temperamental vulnerability and psychological adversity are risk factors for NPD, sociocultural factors are also important. This review hypothesizes that increases in narcissistic traits and cultural narcissism could be associated with changes in the prevalence of NPD. These shifts seem to be a relatively recent phenomenon, driven by social changes associated with modernity. While the main treatment for NPD remains psychotherapy, that form of treatment is itself a product of modernity and individualism. The hypothesis is presented that psychological treatment, unless modified to address the specific problems associated with NPD, could run the risk of supporting narcissism.

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Section: Npd Is Biopsychosocialmentioning

confidence: 74%

Modernity and narcissistic personality disorder.

Paris¹

2014

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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“…We found that the narcissism gender difference remained consistent from childhood to adulthood. Previous research reported that narcissism levels tend to peak in adolescence and then decline as individuals age (e.g., Carlson & Gjerde, 2009; Foster et al, 2003; Hill & Roberts, 2011; Roberts et al, 2010). Regardless of developmental changes that occur over a lifetime, our results show that the mean difference between men and women remains consistent across age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in narcissism: A meta-analytic review.

Grijalva

Newman

Tay

et al. 2015

Psychological Bulletin

470

280

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“…Nacissism could be functional and has been described as a "mixed blessing" [20]. Given the psychological dynamics of the narcissist, it is more likely they are to be psychopathic [21].…”

Section: Interestingly Narcissism Likely Relies On the Well-known Phenomenon Of Attribution Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their behavioural activation system (BAS) may override their behavioural inhibition system (BIS), when they seek validation. That is to say, the narcissist is apt to engage in risky behaviour to achieve their ends [14,[20][21][22][23]. In a study, Carson 2011 considered how self-perceptions, other's perceptions, and meta-perceptions (how one thinks others see them) differ for narcissists than from the general population.…”

Section: Interestingly Narcissism Likely Relies On the Well-known Phenomenon Of Attribution Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychological Accounting of a Modern Luddite: Ted Kaczynski AKA the Unabomber

Gupta¹

2018

PPRS

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Personality disordered are grouped together under three clusters in the DSM-5. Cluster A deals with the paranoid and schizoid; Cluster B the anti-social, borderline, and NPD; and finally, Cluster C houses the avoidant, dependant, and obsessive-compulsive types. Narcissistic personality disorder is "a pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour), need for admiration, and lack of empathy beginning in early childhood and present in a variety of contexts" [2]. Some examples of the traits are thus: Reacting to criticism with feelings of rage; interpersonally exploitative, taking advantage of others; exaggerating achievements and talents, as well as having a sense of superiority (e.g., ethnocentrism or collective narcissism [3,4]; belief that oneself is unique and only understood by special people (e.g., "(a) she is special, and therefore (b) there are certain classes of people she shouldn't have to deal with, such as those viewed as poor or dirty" [5]); preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited power, brilliance, beauty, ideal love; feeling entitled, (e.g., "not having to wait in line"); requiring constant attention and admiration (desire for self-esteem); lacking empathy; deficient in communal orientation; struggling with intimacy and attachment; and preoccupied with feelings of envy [1,6].It has been conjectured that narcissism is part of dynamic with fragility [7-9]. In a paper, "Behind the Mask: Narcissism and Explicit Self-Esteem," [10] suggest that for the narcissist, high explicit self-esteem (which deliberate and controllable) acts as a mask concealing a fragile self in constant need of validation (i.e., low implicit self-esteem, which is automatic and uncontrollable). NPD is a coping mechanism for shame, to conceal implicit feelings of inadequacy, often projected on to others, co-existing with feelings of grandiosity [6,9]. "As a result, individuals with fragile self-esteem are defensive and highly reactive to events that threaten their positive attitudes towards themselves" [10]. They are more at prey to changing circumstances because of their inner fragility [11,12,4].For attachment theorists, early life experiences are said to have an enduring effect on personality organization, providing protective or risk factors for mental well-being. Attachment representations are formed (i.e., internal working models) activated in specific circumstances that shape experiences and guide behaviour in interpersonal situations, becoming implicit. Attachment influences:

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Examining “Developmental Me”

Cited by 33 publications

References 68 publications

Modernity and narcissistic personality disorder.

Modernity and narcissistic personality disorder.

Gender differences in narcissism: A meta-analytic review.

A Psychological Accounting of a Modern Luddite: Ted Kaczynski AKA the Unabomber

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