Examining gender differences in substance use and age of first use among rural Appalachian drug users in Kentucky

Shannon, Lisa; Havens, Jennifer R.; Oser, Carrie B.; Crosby, Rick; Leukefeld, Carl G.

doi:10.3109/00952990.2010.540282

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For example, males in general may initiate the use of certain substances at younger ages (Shannon et al, 2011), and engaging in substance using behavior may be more socially acceptable or even encouraged among male children within society (Griffin, Scheier, Botvin, & Diaz, 2000; see Gomberg, 1982). Therefore, initiation of drug use in girls may be more impacted by psychopathic personality traits in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in psychopathy links to drug use.

Schulz

Murphy

Verona

2016

Law and Human Behavior

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While the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and substance use has received some attention (Hart & Hare, 1989; Smith & Newman, 1990), gender differences have not been thoroughly assessed. The current study examined whether gender modified the relationship between two criminally-relevant constructs, a) psychopathy and its factors and b) drug use. A sample of 318 participants with criminal histories and recent substance use was assessed for psychopathy using the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version and for illicit drug use using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. As expected, the impulsive-antisocial traits (Factor 2) of psychopathy were positively related to a number of drug use characteristics (symptoms, age of drug initiation, extent of drug experimentation), whereas the interpersonal-affective traits (Factor 1) showed a negative relationship with drug abuse symptoms and a positive relationship with age of first use. In terms of gender differences, analyses revealed that women showed a stronger association between Factor 1 traits and later age of initiation compared to men, and that Factor 2, and antisocial facet in particular, were more strongly related to drug abuse in women than men. These findings suggest that psychopathic traits serve as both protective (Factor 1) and risk (Factor 2) correlates of illicit drug use, and in women, Factor 1 may be especially protective in terms of initiation. These conclusions add to the growing literature on potential routes to substance use and incarceration in women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in psychopathy links to drug use.

Schulz

Murphy

Verona

2016

Law and Human Behavior

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“…Also for cannabis, male gender was associated with an increased probability of self-report positive when urines were positive. Although gender-related differences in substance use appear to be shrinking over time, males may be more likely to start using illicit substances at a younger age than females, and report greater use of illicit substances, except for prescription medications, which females use in greater quantity than males (Shannon, Havens, Oser, Crosby, & Leukefeld, 2011). Given the strong relationship between social factors and substance use (Galea, Nandi, & Vlahov, 2004), it would not be surprising if males were more inclined than females to report true drug use to an interviewer due to less shame about drug use, however previous literature has not identified gender as a predictor of under-reporting (Solbergsdottir, et al, 2004) and it is not clear why this effect would be specific to cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concordance between self-report and urine drug screen data in adolescent opioid dependent clinical trial participants

Wilcox

Bogenschutz

Nakazawa

et al. 2013

Addictive Behaviors

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Objective measures of drug use are very important in treatment outcome studies of persons with substance use disorders, but obtaining and interpreting them can be challenging and not always practical. Thus, it is important to determine if, and when, drug-use self-reports are valid. To this end we explored the relationships between urine drug screen results and self-reported substance use among adolescents and young adults with opioid dependence participating in a clinical trial of buprenorphine-naloxone. In this study, 152 individuals seeking treatment for opioid dependence were randomized to a 2-week detoxification with buprenorphine-naloxone (DETOX) or 12 weeks buprenorphine-naloxone (BUP), each with weekly individual and group drug counseling. Urine drug screens and self-reported frequency of drug use were obtained weekly, and patients were paid $5 for completing weekly assessments. At weeks 4, 8, and 12, more extensive assessments were done, and participants were reimbursed $75. Self-report data were dichotomized (positive vs. negative), and for each major drug class we computed the kappa statistic and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of self-report using urine drug screens as the “gold standard”. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the effect of treatment group assignment, compensation amounts, and participant characteristics on self-report. In general, findings supported the validity of self-reported drug use. However, those in the BUP group were more likely to under-report cocaine and opioid use. Therefore, if used alone, self-report would have magnified the treatment effect of the BUP condition.

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“…Men have a higher reported prevalence of heroin use than women. 6,7 However, research has found that women seem to be more vulnerable to the effects of heroin than men. In animal studies, female specimens acquired heroin self-administration more rapidly and self-administrated more heroin than male specimens, and the reinforcing effects of heroin occurred over a broader dose range in female than male specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gender Differences in Heroin Users Receiving Methadone Maintenance Therapy in Taiwan

Lin

Chang

Wang

et al. 2013

Journal of Addictive Diseases

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This study examined gender differences in heroin users who first received MMT. Compared with men, female heroin users were younger and more likely to be unemployed, to have family members using illicit substances, to initiate heroin use at a younger age, to begin MMT earlier after starting heroin use, to have methamphetamine use, to initiate methamphetamine use at a younger age, and to report a child-raising burden and a prior history of traumatic experiences. Men were more likely to have use of betel quid, and to initiate alcohol, nicotine and betel quid use at a younger age than women.

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Examining gender differences in substance use and age of first use among rural Appalachian drug users in Kentucky

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Gender differences in psychopathy links to drug use.

Gender differences in psychopathy links to drug use.

Concordance between self-report and urine drug screen data in adolescent opioid dependent clinical trial participants

Gender Differences in Heroin Users Receiving Methadone Maintenance Therapy in Taiwan

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