Examining Hardiness, Coping and Stress-Related Growth Following Sport Injury

Salim, Jade; Wadey, Ross; Diss, Ceri

doi:10.1080/10413200.2015.1086448

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Reoccurring perceptions of independence and autonomy were associated with the ability to endure higher levels of pain, performance and training stress, as well as the maintenance of motivation. Furthermore, a process of balancing conflicting identities, self-reflection, reframing and the motivation to live as ‘normal’ and as independent a life as possible, were seen to reduce the effect of stressful situations, and this category of adaptive outcomes have been referred to as ‘pragmatic coping’ ( Salim et al, 2016 ). Consequently, athletes considered by participants as demonstrating lower levels of MT were described as being heavily dependent on others to regularly complete tasks for them and therefore removing the adversity stimulus required for the development of mentally tough characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Mental Toughness: Lessons from Paralympians

Powell

Myers

2017

Front. Psychol.

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Mental toughness (MT) is a key psychological variable related to perseverance and success in performance domains. MT and its development has been explored across a range of contexts and across different sports, but no research to date has examined MT in relation to Paralympic athletes. We sought to understand the lived-experiences of mentally tough Paralympians, aiming to conceptualize MT in a Paralympic context and investigate its development. Ten Paralympic athletes were interviewed using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews served as the data for an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three broad themes and several subthemes emerged in conceptualizing Paralympian MT: characteristics (determination, defiance, pragmatic, optimistic, resilient, self-belief and independence and autonomy), cognitions (normalization, sense of escape, non-acceptance of constraints, influence perception and connection) and cognitive strategies (rational thinking, goal setting, pain management and control). In understanding MT development, two broad themes and several subthemes emerged: formative experiences (challenge, classification, setbacks, critical incident, trauma and recovery, sustained commitment, development of mind-set and perspective during challenge, failure, and acceptance), and support and coping resources (social support and significant others, external shaping, social support, overcoming problems, social comparison and reflective practice). The findings suggest that Paralympians benefited from exposure to highly demanding situations in a supportive environment and this helped develop mentally tough characteristics and behaviors and individualized cognitive coping strategies. Our findings highlight the association between the adaptive development of personal characteristics by overcoming physical and mental setbacks over a sustained time period. Overall, the findings suggest that to develop mentally tough characteristics and behaviors, athletes in general could benefit from exposure to highly demanding situations in a supportive environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Mental Toughness: Lessons from Paralympians

Powell

Myers

2017

Front. Psychol.

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“…Moreover, in recent years, experts in sport psychology have taken note of such concepts [25,26]. For example, Sarkar, et al [27] conducted semi-structured interviews on 10 Olympic gold medalists and had them describe their past adversity-related experiences (e.g., repeated non-selection, significant sporting failure, and serious injury).…”

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confidence: 99%

Relations between the Experience of the Yips and Athletes’ Psychological Growth

Matsuda¹,

Susaki²,

Sugiyama³

2015

SOJP

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Traditionally, the 'yips' has been known as a movement disorder observed when a golfer is putting (e.g., [1]) and according to a survey that McDaniel, et al. [1] conducted on 1050 golfers, there was a 42% response rate and 28% reported that they had experienced the yips. Furthermore, according to a survey that Smith, et al. [2] conducted on 1031 golfers, 541 (52%) responded that they had experienced the yips in the past. On the other hand, baseball players also suffer from the yips in the same way[3, 4]. Commonly noted characteristics of the yips include a sudden inability to perform a previously natural action or motion [2], an inability to control one's own body as intended [5], and chronic or perpetual symptoms [6, 7]. As reported in baseball, the yips primarily manifests in actions like pitching and throwing the ball [8]. Therefore, previous studies on the yips in baseball players have used special terminology such as "psychogenetic

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“…Without knowing exactly what works best for each individual athlete, researchers have started to use PTG to measure post-injury psychosocial growth (Salim, Wadey, & Diss, 2016;Zoellner & Maerker, 2006). The following section will provide further insight into how PTG may occur.…”

Section: Injury Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A concept that practitioners could use to support athlete growth after an injury is PTG (Salim, Wadey, & Diss, 2016). The process of growth does not necessarily mean the pain associated with injury is gone and it does not mean that growth was actually sought.…”

Section: Posttraumatic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of growth does not necessarily mean the pain associated with injury is gone and it does not mean that growth was actually sought. Growth is something that a person comes to acknowledge internally, not something they consciously seek (Salim, Wadey, & Diss, 2016). Posttraumatic growth is the idea that humans can have a positive experience that occurs after a traumatic event (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) and there is a beneficial change seen (Zoellner, & Maerker, 2006).…”

Section: Posttraumatic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The End is Not the Injury: Posttraumatic Growth After Sport Injuries

Vann

Moore

Freiburger

et al. 2019

JAS

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This quantitative study explored whether serious injuries in varsity high school or collegiate athletes could produce Posttraumatic Growth (PTG). The impact of injury (season-or career-ending) and an athlete's highest level of competition played (varsity high school or collegiate) were examined on five elements on the 21-item Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI): (1) relating to others, (2) new possibilities, (3) personal strength, (4) spiritual change, and (5) appreciation of life. This study provides evidence that sport level does not impact an athlete's ability to produce PTG and bring awareness to trauma and the role PTG can have in an athlete's life.

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Examining Hardiness, Coping and Stress-Related Growth Following Sport Injury

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Developing Mental Toughness: Lessons from Paralympians

Developing Mental Toughness: Lessons from Paralympians

Relations between the Experience of the Yips and Athletes’ Psychological Growth

The End is Not the Injury: Posttraumatic Growth After Sport Injuries

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