Examining Motivation, Goal Orientation, Coaching, and Training Habits of Female Ultrarunners

Krouse, Rhonna; Ransdell, Lynda B.; Lucas, Shelley; Pritchard, Mark P.

doi:10.1097/01.jsc.0000395661.67282.81

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…To conclude, in future research, gathering the data at two different times would provide a wider dataset and enhanced knowledge [53] about whether the years of experience of athletes are related to, or the extent to which they are may be related to, their participation motivations. Another interesting research line would be to analyse the differences between marathoners' male and female experiences, since previous research [18,19] has shown significant differences in relation to the motivational variables according to gender. It would be also worth checking out other sociodemographic characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Years of Running Experience Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Athletes?

Malchrowicz-Mośko

Gravelle

Dąbrowska

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The aim of the study was to investigate if years of running experience influence the motivations of marathon athletes. An empirical study was conducted during the last (20th) PKO Poznan Marathon, one of the largest and most popular mass running events in Poland, which was held in Poznan (Poland) in October 2019. A total of 493 marathon runners (29% of whom were female, and 71% of whom were male) took part in the cross-sectional study, which used the diagnostic survey method. The questionnaire employed the division of motives from the motivation of marathoners scale (MOMS) by Masters et al., adapted to the Polish language by Dybala. Running motivations have already been analysed for variables such as age, gender and place of residence, but there is a research gap regarding existing research, as the relationship between motivations and running experience has not yet been studied. One-way analysis of variance for independent samples was used to verify statistical hypotheses. Prior to making the relevant calculations, the assumption of homogeneity of variance was checked via Levene’s test. Variances were assessed with an F-test, and if they were unequal, Welch’s correction was applied. Eta squared (η2) was used as a measure of effect size. The calculations carried out showed that running experience was not a statistically significant factor in the motivations of runners taking part in a marathon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of gender, vast research has been conducted on motivational differences in mass running [18]. According to Ogles and Masters, the most common motivations for running among women include social needs and good physical condition, while men are more likely to compete and achieve success [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Years of Running Experience Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Athletes?

Malchrowicz-Mośko

Gravelle

Dąbrowska

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…In addition, the participation of women during the last decade increased disproportionately to that of men, resulting in a decrease of the men-to-women ratio. General health orientation and psychological coping were the two strongest motivational factors to understand the growth of female participation [16]. In general, it has been shown that people participate in running events not only for physical activity, but also for mental well-being and socio-psychological effects [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Age-Related Performance Decline in Marathon Running: The Paradigm of the Berlin Marathon

Nikolaidis

Alvero-Cruz

Villiger

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The variation of marathon race time by age group has been used recently to model the decline of endurance with aging; however, paradigms of races (i.e., marathon running) examined so far have mostly been from the United States. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the age of peak performance (APP) in a European race, the “Berlin Marathon”. Race times of 387,222 finishers (women, n = 93,022; men, n = 294,200) in this marathon race from 2008 to 2018 were examined. Men were faster by +1.10 km.h−1 (10.74 ± 1.84 km.h−1 versus 9.64 ± 1.46 km.h−1, p <0.001, η2 = 0.065, medium effect size) and older by +2.1 years (43.1 ± 10.0 years versus 41.0 ± 9.8 years, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.008, trivial effect size) than women. APP was 32 years in women and 34 years in men using 1-year age groups, and 30–34 years in women and 35–39 years in men using 5-year age groups. Women’s and men’s performance at 60–64 and 55–59 age groups, respectively, corresponded to ~90% of the running speed at APP. Based on these findings, it was concluded that although APP occurred earlier in women than men, the observed age-related differences indicated that the decline of endurance with aging might differ by sex.

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“…They found that ultra-marathoners showed significantly lower on health orientation and weight concern while higher on life meaning in relation to both diagnosed group and lower on personal goal achievement in relation to full marathoners. Krouse et al31 used MOMS to evaluate ultra-runners’ motivation, but they administered the test only to female athletes. They found that highest motives for running were related to personal goal achievement and health orientation followed by self-esteem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivation in ultra-marathon runners

Waśkiewicz¹,

Nikolaidis²,

Chalabaev³

et al. 2018

PRBM

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BackgroundIn ultra-marathon running the proper motivation of the athlete is one of the milestones, not only during the races, but also during the practice sessions, which are long and very exhausting.PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship of sport experience (expressed as number of finishes in ultra-marathons) with motivation characteristics of ultra-marathon runners.Subjects and methodsThe Motivation of Marathoners Scale examined the motivation of ultra-marathon runners compared to endurance runners of shorter distances (control group). Participants were 1,539 Polish runners, 382 women (24.7%) and 1,157 men (75.3%). Ultra-marathoners (N=425; 26.7%) finished at least one ultra-marathon, whereas the control group consisted of runners of shorter distances (N=1,114, 72.3%).ResultsUltra-marathoners had higher scores in affiliation (3.55±1.60 vs 3.34±1.62, P<0.05), life meaning (4.20±1.40 vs 4.03±1.44, P<0.05) and lower in the areas of weight concern (4.33±1.68 vs 4.64±1.65, P<0.01), personal goal achievement (5.09±1.25 vs 4.64±1.65, P<0.001) and self-esteem (4.44±1.36 vs 4.68±1.38, P<0.01), than runners in the control group. The number of completed ultra-marathons was negatively related to the personal goal achievement, competition and recognition scale. The level of training experience was negatively correlated with the personal goal achievement scale in all participants, and with the self-esteem scale in the control group. In summary, ultra-marathoners had different motivations compared to runners of shorter race distance.ConclusionsThese findings should be considered by sport psychologists and other professionals to develop performance-tailored interventions for ultra-marathoners.

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Examining Motivation, Goal Orientation, Coaching, and Training Habits of Female Ultrarunners

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Do Years of Running Experience Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Athletes?

Do Years of Running Experience Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Athletes?

The Age-Related Performance Decline in Marathon Running: The Paradigm of the Berlin Marathon

Motivation in ultra-marathon runners

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