Examining Multiracial Youth in Context: Ethnic Identity Development and Mental Health Outcomes

Fisher, Sycarah; Reynolds, Jennifer L.; Hsu, Wei‐Wen; Barnes, J. C.; Tyler, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0163-2

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…This included a small number of youth who identified as Asian American or Native American; therefore, our results cannot be extended to these populations. Additionally, we were not able to examine these experiences among multiethnic or multiracial youth, whose experiences of ethnic identity may be unique from their monoethnic peers (Brittian, Umaña‐Taylor, & Derlan, ; Fisher, Reynolds, Hsu, Barnes, & Tyler, ). This is a significant limitation, given the paucity of research on ERI among these populations (Rivas‐Drake et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Discrimination, Ethnic‐Racial Identity Status, and Youth Public Regard Among Black, Latino, and White Adolescents

Douglass

Umaña‐Taylor

2016

J of Research on Adolesc

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How positively adolescents believe others feel about their ethnic-racial group (i.e., public regard) is an important part of their ethnic-racial identity (ERI), which is likely informed by contextual and individual factors. Using cluster analyses to generate ERI statuses among Black, Latino, and White adolescents (n = 1,378), we found that associations between peer versus adult discrimination and public regard varied across ERI status and ethnic-racial group. However, among all adolescents, an achieved ERI (i.e., having explored ethnicity-race and having a clear sense about its personal meaning) buffered the negative association between adult discrimination and public regard, but not between peer discrimination and public regard. Implications for understanding the interplay between contextual and individual factors for public regard are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Discrimination, Ethnic‐Racial Identity Status, and Youth Public Regard Among Black, Latino, and White Adolescents

Douglass

Umaña‐Taylor

2016

J of Research on Adolesc

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“…Further work is needed to test this hypothesis. Secondly, we speculate that the level of contact White youth have with racial/ethnic minority may impact not only their own ethnic identity development (Fisher, Reynolds, Hsu, Barnes-Najor, & Tyler, 2014; Hartigan, 1999; French, Seidman, Allen, & Aber, 2000; McKinney, 2006; Morris, 2006; Peterson & Hamrick, 2009), but also their views on drug use and drug use behaviors. Specifically, Morris (2006) found that White individuals with limited contact with those of other racial backgrounds are more prone to experience the “invisibility of Whiteness” which can contribute to a lack of understanding of what it means to be White and in turn what it means to explore or affirm one’s White identity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining the Protective Effect of Ethnic Identity on Drug Attitudes and Use Among a Diverse Youth Population

Zapolski

Banks

Hensel

et al. 2016

J Youth Adolescence

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Ethnic identity is an important buffer against drug use among minority youth. However, limited work has examined pathways through which ethnic identity mitigates risk. School-aged youth (N= 34,708; 52% female) of diverse backgrounds (i.e., African American (n=5333), Asian (n=392), Hispanic (n=662), Multiracial (n=2129), Native American (n=474) and White (n=25718) in grades 4–12 provided data on ethnic identity, drug attitudes, and drug use. After controlling for gender and grade, higher ethnic identity was associated with lower past month drug use for African American, Hispanic, and Multiracial youth. Conversely, high ethnic identity was associated with increased risk for White youth. An indirect pathway between ethnic identity, drug attitudes, and drug use was also found for African American, Hispanic, and Asian youth. Among White youth the path model was also significant, but in the opposite direction. These findings confirm the importance of ethnic identity for most minority youth. Further research is needed to better understand the association between ethnic identity and drug use for Multiracial and Hispanic youth, best ways to facilitate healthy ethnic identity development for minority youth, and how to moderate the risk of identity development for White youth.

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“…African American, Asian American, European American, Latino, Native American, and multiracial). Further, use of the MEIM with multiracial populations has been well documented (Bracey et al, 2004; Fisher et al, 2014; Huang, 2011; Spencer, 2000). The MEIM is a 12-item scale designed to measure two components of ethnic identity: exploration and affirmation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limited research that has been conducted is mixed with some finding that ethnic identity is protective against substance use (e.g., Choi, Harachi, Gillmore and Catalano, 2006; AUTHORS, IN PRESS) for multiracial youth and others finding no relationship (e.g., James, Kim and Armijo, 2000; Marsiglia, Kulis, & Hecht, 2001). Some researchers have speculated that because of diverging backgrounds, ethnic identity may be more challenging to achieve for multiracial youth than monoracial youth and may result in more risk-taking behavior and higher levels of psychological distress (Fisher, Reynolds, Hsu, Barnes & Tyler, 2014; Gibbs & Moskowitz-Sweet, 1991; Coleman & Carter, 2007; Lusk, Taylor, Nanney, & Austin, 2010; Udry, Li, & Hendrickson-Smith, 2003). Yet, others find that having more than one ethnicity does not have an impact on identity development and subsequent behaviors (Kato, 2000).…”

Section: Ethnic Identity and Substance Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway of protection: Ethnic identity, self-esteem, and substance use among multiracial youth

Zapolski

Sheehan

Barnes-Najor

2017

Addictive Behaviors

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Fifty percent of adolescents have tried an illicit drug and 70% have tried alcohol by the end of high school, with even higher rates among multiracial youth. Ethnic identity is a protective factor against substance use for minority groups. However, little is known about the mechanisms that facilitate its protective effects, and even less is known about this relationship for multiracial youth. The purpose of the present study was to examine the protective effect of ethnic identity on substance use and to determine whether this relationship operated indirectly through self-esteem, a strong predictor of substance use for among adolescent populations. Participants included 468 multiracial youth in grades six through 12 (53% female). The results found that ethnic identity was indeed related to substance use, partially through changes in self-esteem. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding and development of models of risk and protection for an understudied population.

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Examining Multiracial Youth in Context: Ethnic Identity Development and Mental Health Outcomes

Cited by 75 publications

References 49 publications

Examining Discrimination, Ethnic‐Racial Identity Status, and Youth Public Regard Among Black, Latino, and White Adolescents

Examining Discrimination, Ethnic‐Racial Identity Status, and Youth Public Regard Among Black, Latino, and White Adolescents

Examining the Protective Effect of Ethnic Identity on Drug Attitudes and Use Among a Diverse Youth Population

Pathway of protection: Ethnic identity, self-esteem, and substance use among multiracial youth

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