Examining nitrogen dynamics in the unsaturated zone under an inactive cesspit using chemical tracers and environmental isotopes

Varnier, Cláudia; Hirata, Ricardo; Aravena, Ramón

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.12.022

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These studies provide additional insights for exploring hydraulic connectivity and play an important role in environmental and hydraulic engineering. Other examples of studies that have adopted hydrochemistry ion and environmental isotope methods to explore long-term hydrogeological patterns and hydraulic connectivity were described in references [5][6][7][8][9]. Kattan [10] recently investigated the aquifer interaction and the origin of groundwater salinization using hydrochemical and environmental isotope methods based on the karst groundwater quality of wells in Syria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective to Explore the Hydraulic Connectivity of Karst Aquifer System in Jinan Spring Catchment, China

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Water

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Investigating the hydraulic connectivity of a complex karst aquifer system is an important research topic for sustainable operation and optimization layout of karst groundwater exploitation and recharge. However, the identification of preferential sites of recharge and exploitation is usually subject to regional hydrogeology conditions and the mechanisms of recharge and exploitation. The conventional research methods of hydraulic connectivity often have some limitations. In this study, we developed an improved grey amplitude relation model to explore the hydraulic connectivity in Jinan spring catchment and presented a quantized evaluation index water table fluctuation relation degree (WTFRD) using karst groundwater table data in Western Jinan and Jinan spring groups from 2014 to 2017. Results showed that the total WTFRD was 0.854 between Western Jinan and Jinan spring groups when the external distraction for karst groundwater table was the smallest, which was in high relation degree grade. Meanwhile, the change rules of karst groundwater table in the two sites were basically the same. Accordingly, a high connectivity occurred between the two karst aquifers from a statistical perspective, and further illustrated that Western Jinan could be selected as preferential experiment sites. A comprehensive case in Jinan spring catchment indicated that the WTFRD provided a preliminary idea to investigate hydraulic connectivity quantitatively. This method could be considered as a pre-study of the conventional experiments to form a high-efficiency and low-cost combined method, which has great potential and merits further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective to Explore the Hydraulic Connectivity of Karst Aquifer System in Jinan Spring Catchment, China

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Water

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“…A liberação de cátions e ânions nas águas subterrâneas, e consequentemente a sua caracterização química, geralmente está associada ao intemperismo produzido pelo CO2 dissolvido proveniente da recarga das águas subterrâneas, possibilitando evoluções distintas em função do tipo litológico e dos minerais constituintes da rocha (Bonotto, 2016;Aravena, 2017).…”

Section: Objetivos Específicosunclassified

“…As fontes antrópicas podem ser difusas, relacionadas ao uso de fertilizantes (orgânicos ou inorgânicos) ou pontuais, como vazamentos de sistemas de saneamento, por meio de esgoto humano ou animal; resíduos industriais, dentre outros (Kendall et al, 2007;Suchy et al, 2018). A identificação das fontes de nitrato na água torna-se essencial para a gestão a longo prazo de um aquífero, a fim de minimizar os impactos, reduzir as potenciais fontes de contaminação e impedir o alcance das concentrações máximas permitidas (Martinez et al, 2014;Varnier et al, 2017).…”

Section: Relação Entre a Interação áGua-rocha E Os Padrões De Distribunclassified

“…Especificamente no estado de São Paulo, na cidade de Urânia, foram observadas concentrações de nitrato em águas utilizadas para abastecimento público acima dos limites permitidos em poços rasos e profundos (Cagnon;Gutierrez; e principalmente na zona não saturada (Bertolo et al, 2006;Aravena, 2008;Aravena, 2017).…”

Section: Relação Entre a Interação áGua-rocha E Os Padrões De Distribunclassified

“…Neste caso, os autores atribuíram as concentrações elevadas à contaminação por nitrogênio proveniente de fossas descomissionadas, que ocorre a longo prazo, mesmo após a construção de sistemas públicos de esgotamento sanitário nos últimos 50 anos em áreas urbanas do Brasil (Varnier, Hirata e Aravena, 2017). A contaminação por nitrogênio, após a inativação das fossas, permanece na zona não saturada dos sistemas aquíferos durante décadas e, sucessivamente, pode perpetuar nas águas subterrâneas ao atingir a zona saturada Aravena, 2017).…”

Section: Relação Entre a Interação áGua-rocha E Os Padrões De Distribunclassified

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Traçadores ambientais como ferramentas de identificação da origem e idade das águas subterrâneas do sistema de abastecimento público no município de São Carlos

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Nitrate contamination of urban groundwater and heavy rainfall: Observations from Dakar, Senegal

Pouye

Faye

Diedhiou

et al. 2023

Vadose Zone Journal

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In low-income urban areas of major cities in Africa, sanitation provision derives primarily from onsite systems often comprising septic tanks and pit latrines. Such systems rely upon the ability of the surrounding soil and substratum to attenuate contaminants like nitrate and pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater. Here, we assess soil-water and solute dynamics in Quaternary aeolian sands underlying a densely populated suburb (Keur Massar) of Dakar (Senegal) using high-frequency monitoring and vadose zone modeling (Hydrus-1D). Observations of rainfall intensity, soil moisture content, and shallow groundwater-level fluctuations and nitrate concentrations were carried out at an experimental site adjacent to a septic tank supplied by toilets used by a primary school. Rapid rises in soil moisture content and episodic recharge contributions observed in groundwater levels caused by heavy (>10 mm h −1 ) and extreme (>20 mm h −1 ) rainfall are well modeled (R 2 = .79-.83; RMSE = 0.012-0.019) by pore-matrix flow in the unsaturated zone by the Darcy-Richards equation. Spot sampling around the most intense rainfall of 2020 (45 mm h −1 ) reveals a fivefold rise and fall in the concentration of nitrate in soil moisture (∼500 to ∼2,500 mg L −1 ). These measurements provide new insight into the hydrological dynamics by which shallow groundwater is grossly contaminated (>500 mg L −1 ) by nitrate through episodic flushing by heavy rainfall of wastewater from a vast estimated network of over 250,000 septic tanks underlying this suburb of Dakar. INTRODUCTIONShallow groundwater plays a vital role in the provision of water supplies in low-income areas of urban Africa (Gaye &

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Examining nitrogen dynamics in the unsaturated zone under an inactive cesspit using chemical tracers and environmental isotopes

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

A New Perspective to Explore the Hydraulic Connectivity of Karst Aquifer System in Jinan Spring Catchment, China

A New Perspective to Explore the Hydraulic Connectivity of Karst Aquifer System in Jinan Spring Catchment, China

Traçadores ambientais como ferramentas de identificação da origem e idade das águas subterrâneas do sistema de abastecimento público no município de São Carlos

Nitrate contamination of urban groundwater and heavy rainfall: Observations from Dakar, Senegal

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