Examining Survivability of Systems of Systems

Mekdeci, Brian; Ross, Adam M.; Rhodes, Donna H.; Hastings, Daniel E.

doi:10.1002/j.2334-5837.2011.tb01313.x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…All systems aim to provide some level of value to stakeholders occupying or utilizing a system throughout its life cycle, changeability as a concept aims to extend the value of the system by enabling and supporting changes to take place (Mekdeci 2013). As a high-level system ility changeability can be broadly understood as the ability of a system to change form, function, or operation, according to lower-level system ilities such as flexibility, agility, adaptability, evolvability, upgradeability, and versatility.…”

Section: Changeability Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Se Based Maritime Vessel Development Framework for Changeable Propulsion Systems

Sullivan

Rossi

2023

Proc. Des. Soc.

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Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from vessels is one of the greatest challenges the maritime industry is currently facing. International Maritime Organization has set the goal of reducing CO2 emissions from international shipping by at least 40% by 2030, compared to 2008. Emissions regulations are also leading to a progressive reduction of ships life span, together with a decrease in economic value. To cope with these challenges, the preferred strategy suggested by IMO for new vessels -Energy Efficiency Design Index- aims at increasing the energy efficiency over time by stimulating innovation and continuous development of technical elements. In this context, ship builders are indirectly led to develop vessels that will be “changeable” in terms of propulsion systems over time. This paper presents a conceptual framework to maritime vessels for propulsion system changeability, which integrates contributions from literature review with the knowledge of design thinking experts and precious insights of maritime industry professionals. The aim of this framework is support the integration of renewable fuel sources for vessel propulsion systems through an extended value approach, while improving propulsion efficiency over time.

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Section: Changeability Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variety of Environments: may be indicated by the number of embedded systems, integration of diverse technologies, or number of operational contexts (Mekdeci, 2013). Interrelated elements and embedded system can be impacted by all changes placed upon the system and are affected by the evolution of technology (Ross and Rhodes, 2008a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Se Based Maritime Vessel Development Framework for Changeable Propulsion Systems

Sullivan

Rossi

2023

Proc. Des. Soc.

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“…Initial attempts at classification yielded categories such as "origin" (whether the perturbation started externally or internally) and "intent" (whether the perturbation was caused intentionally by an intelligent entity, or not) [8]. These types of classifications are very useful if the system architects want to target specific types of perturbations and ignore others.…”

Section: Determing a Suitable Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomy of perturbations: Determining the ways that systems lose value

Mekdeci

Ross

Rhodes

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Systems Conference SysCon 2012

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Abstract-Disturbances and disruptions, both internal and external to the system, are a major concern for system architects who are responsible for ensuring that their systems maintain value robustness no matter what occurs. These perturbations can have multiple causes and can affect a system in multiple ways. This paper presents a taxonomy of disturbances and disruptions to assist system architects and researchers in identifying the ways in which systems can fail to deliver value. By doing so, this taxonomy falls into a larger research effort to develop survivability design principles that will help system architects design systems that prevent, mitigate and recover from disturbances.

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“…Disturbances can be defined as unintended, finite duration changes of a system's form, operations, or context that could jeopardize value delivery 5 . Survivability (in "value"), then, is the ability of a system to minimize the impact of a (finite duration) disturbance on value delivery 6,7 . Figure 2 shows three types of survivability; susceptibility reduction (Type I), vulnerability reduction (Type II), and resilience enhancement (Type III).…”

Section: Survivability As a Means To Withstand Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Studies of Historical Epoch Shifts: Impacts on Space Systems and their Responses

Beesemyer

Ross

Rhodes

2012

AIAA SPACE 2012 Conference &Amp; Exposition

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Developing space systems often comes with high costs and long development times, resulting in significant investment. Space systems can take large amounts of resources to design, build, test, field, and operate, and can be required to operate for long periods of time in very harsh environments.These environments may be dynamic and possibly unanticipated during design and development. Given the large investment, space systems are expected to succeed in spite of encountering perturbations (disturbances or epoch shifts) that could impact their value delivery. The concept of value sustainment is proposed as the ability to maintain value delivery in the presence of such perturbations. Of the two types of perturbations, responses to epoch shifts (i.e. shift in context and/or needs) are investigated in this paper. The construct of Epoch Shift-Impact-Response-Outcome is proposed as a way to characterize and analyze historical system responses to changing operating contexts and needs. Four different historical cases, Iridium, Globalstar, Teledesic, and Galileo, and associated epoch shifts, are described, providing insights into how systems can respond to perturbations and what system characteristics aid in that process. The concept of ilities is briefly introduced, linking the system response to qualities that make a system successful. The epoch shift case studies, along with the corresponding displayed ilities in these systems, may provide a useful framework for future study. A broad survey of past systems characterized in this way may provide insights into the types of dynamic uncertainties that pose risks to such systems, as well as patterns of response (i.e. ilities) for such systems, in order to enhance the ability to intentionally design for value sustainment across dynamic operating environments in the future.

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Examining Survivability of Systems of Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

An Se Based Maritime Vessel Development Framework for Changeable Propulsion Systems

An Se Based Maritime Vessel Development Framework for Changeable Propulsion Systems

A taxonomy of perturbations: Determining the ways that systems lose value

Case Studies of Historical Epoch Shifts: Impacts on Space Systems and their Responses

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