Examining the associations between COVID-19 infection and pediatric type 1 diabetes

Passanisi, Stefano; Sorrenti, Lacrima; Salzano, Giuseppina; Lombardo, Fortunato

doi:10.1080/1744666x.2023.2189587

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Some studies describe a decreased incidence of T1D after the beginning of the pandemic [ 125 , 126 ]. A possible explanation for this finding, in addition to the increased protection measures against COVID-19, which reduced the risk of contracting the most common viral forms, is the increased expression of CD8 + lymphocytes in T1D, which may protect these patients against infections [ 125 , 127 ].…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data about the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are much more concordant in the literature. Several cohort studies [ 91 , 93 , 98 , 102 , 106 , 123 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 ] and two meta-analyses [ 114 , 164 ] report increases in DKA frequency and DKA severity at diagnosis among newly diagnosed T1D patients. A multicenter study, involving 13 national diabetes registries (Australia, Austria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Slovenia, Sweden, the USA (Colorado), and Wales) compared the observed DKA prevalence in children and adolescents in 2020 and 2021 to predictions based on trends over the prepandemic years 2006–2019.…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Endocrinological Involvement in Children and Adolescents Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Calcaterra

Tagi

Santis

et al. 2023

JCM

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Since the advent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increased incidence of several endocrinological anomalies in acute-phase and/or long-term complications has been described. The aim of this review is to provide a broad overview of the available literature regarding changes in the worldwide epidemiology of endocrinological involvement in children since December 2019 and to report the evidence supporting its association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although little is known regarding the involvement of endocrine organs during COVID-19 in children, the current evidence in adults and epidemiological studies on the pediatric population suggest the presence of a causal association between the virus and endocrinopathies. Untreated transient thyroid dysfunction, sick euthyroid syndrome, nonthyroidal illness syndrome, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and central precocious puberty have been observed in children in acute infection and/or during multisystem inflammatory syndrome development. Furthermore, a higher frequency of ketoacidosis at onset in children with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is reported in the literature. Although the direct association between COVID-19 and endocrinological involvement has not been confirmed yet, data on the development of different endocrinopathies in children, both during acute infection and as a result of its long-term complications, have been reported. This information is of primary importance to guide the management of patients with previous or current COVID-19.

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Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinological Involvement in Children and Adolescents Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Calcaterra

Tagi

Santis

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in the incidence of pediatric type 1 diabetes was observed (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Despite several hypotheses being discussed (e.g., direct ß-cell destruction, accelerated ß-cell autoimmunity, hyperinflammation, infection of pancreatic microvasculature, secondary effects of pandemic containment measures), the detailed role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the increase in type 1 diabetes remains unclear (4)(5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal association between COVID-19 incidence and type 1 diabetes incidence among children and adolescents: a register-based ecological study in Germany

Rosenbauer,

Stahl-Pehe,

Baechle

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveStudies have shown an increased incidence of pediatric type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the detailed role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the incidence increase in type 1 diabetes remains unclear. We investigated the spatiotemporal association of pediatric type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 incidence at the district level in Germany.MethodsFor the period from March 2020 to June 2022, nationwide data on incident type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents aged <20 years and daily documented COVID-19 infections in the total population were obtained from the German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry and the Robert Koch Institute, respectively. Data were aggregated at district level and seven time periods related to COVID-19 pandemic waves. Spatiotemporal associations between indirectly standardized incidence rates of type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 were analyzed by Spearman correlation and Bayesian spatiotemporal conditional autoregressive Poisson models.ResultsStandardized incidence ratios of type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 in the pandemic period were not significantly correlated across districts and time periods. A doubling of the COVID-19 incidence rate was not associated with a significant increase in the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes (relative risk 1.006, 95% CI 0.987; 1.019).ConclusionOur findings based on data from the pandemic period indirectly indicate that a causal relationship between SARS-COV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents is unlikely.

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Trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, from 2002 to 2022

Stahl-Pehe,

Baechle,

Lanzinger

et al. 2024

Diabetes & Metabolism

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Examining the associations between COVID-19 infection and pediatric type 1 diabetes

Cited by 5 publications

References 85 publications

Endocrinological Involvement in Children and Adolescents Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Endocrinological Involvement in Children and Adolescents Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Spatiotemporal association between COVID-19 incidence and type 1 diabetes incidence among children and adolescents: a register-based ecological study in Germany

Trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, from 2002 to 2022

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