Examining the nature of retrocausal effects in biology and psychology

Mossbridge, Julia

doi:10.1063/1.4982775

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…And when psi belief was manipulated, psi performance on a clairvoyance task was successfully manipulated as well (Walsh & Moddel, 2007). In addition, gender seems to influence both precognition and psychokinesis tasks, but in complex and inconsistent ways that do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn, except that as in many non-psi behavioral tasks men and women sometimes have different ways of responding to certain tasks and stimuli (Bierman & Scholte, 2002;Jahn et al, 2017;Lobach, 2009;Mossbridge, 2017;Mossbridge et al, 2012;Radin & Lobach, 2007;Wittmann et al, in press).…”

Section: P a G E 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous examinations of forced-choice psi task performance have provided some indications that belief in psi and personality traits such as extraversion and openness can influence accuracy, albeit in a task-specific way (Hitchman et al, 2012;Honorton et al, 1998;Marcusson-Clavertz & Cardeña, 2011;Palmer & Carpenter, 1998;Zdrenka & Wilson, 2017) and that gender or sex at birth can also have task-specific influences on psi accuracy (Bierman & Scholte, 2002;Lobach, 2009;Mossbridge, 2017;Mossbridge et al, 2012;Radin & Lobach, 2007;Wittmann et al, in press). Our exploratory conclusion after examining data from the four online forced-choice tasks described here is that the task-specificity of these factors is strongly supported.…”

Section: Psi Strategies Differ Across Demographic and Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psi Performance as a Function of Demographic and Personality Factors in Smartphone-Based Tests

Mossbridge¹,

Radin²

2021

JAnExCog

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Objective: We set out to gain a better understanding of human psychic or “psi” functioning by using a smartphone-based app to gather data from thousands of participants. Our expectations were that psi performance would often be revealed to be in the direction opposite to the participants’ conscious intentions (“expectation-opposing”; previously called “psi-missing”), and that gender and psi belief would be related to performance. Method:We created and launched three iOS-based tasks, available from 2017 to 2020, related to micro-psychokinesis (the ability to mentally influence a random number generator) and precognition (the ability to predict future randomly selected events). We statistically analyzed data from more than 2,613 unique logins and 995,995 contributed trials using null hypothesis significance testing as well as a pre-registered confirmatory analysis. Results: Our expectations were confirmed, and we discovered additional effects post-hoc. Our key findings were: 1) significant expectation-opposing effects, with a confirmatory pre-registered replication of a clear expectation-opposing effect on a micro-pk task, 2) performance correlated with psi belief on all three tasks, 3) performance on two of the three tasks related to gender, 4) men and women apparently used different strategies to perform micro-pk and precognition tasks. Conclusions: We describe our recommendations for future attempts to better understand performance on forced-choice psi tasks. The mnemonic for this strategy is SEARCH: Small effects, Early and exploratory, Accrue data, Recognize diversity in approach, Characterize rather than impose, and Hone in on big results.

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Section: P a G E 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psi Strategies Differ Across Demographic and Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psi Performance as a Function of Demographic and Personality Factors in Smartphone-Based Tests

Mossbridge¹,

Radin²

2021

JAnExCog

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“…Studying paranormal phenomena can benefit from information processing approaches, which help reduce the unpredictability in theoretical conceptualization. For example, the frame-content duality view of information as a hypothetical particle for transmitting impacts may have potential , particularly when both notions of time and conscious processing may share the same unknown fundamental information mechanism (Mossbridge, 2017). Additionally, this study also shows the advantages of employing Bayesian analytics in parapsychological research, especially when the cost of science is a real and major issue in this relatively low-funded field (Vuong, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Exploring the effects of paranormal belief and gender on precognition task: An application of the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework on parapsychological research

Le¹,

Nguyen²,

Vuong³

2022

Preprint

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Precognition is an anomaly in information transmission and interpretation. Extant literature suggests that paranormal beliefs and gender may have significant influences on this unknown information process. This study examines the effects of these two factors, including their interactions, on precognition performance by employing the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics. Using Bayesian analysis on secondary data of 60 participants, we found that men may have higher chances to score a hit in a precognition task compared to women. Interestingly, stronger beliefs in the paranormal may decrease the success probability in performing precognition tasks. Considering the interactions between the two factors, the effect of paranormal beliefs on precognition task performance is stronger in men than women. Using mindsponge-based reasoning, we argue that paranormal beliefs may increase the interference of imagination in the reception of hypothetical precognitive information. Women tend to rely more on intuition, which may lessen the interference effect of imagination on hypothetical psi reception. Based on the findings, we suggest that researchers should be careful when assessing participants’ psi potential for experiments. We also demonstrate some advantages of utilizing the BMF in parapsychological research.

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“…We used a trait-analysis approach to examine the relationship between psi performance and various demographic, personality, and target factors. The trait-analysis approach is not new to psi and has been used over the past four decades with varying results (e.g., Barušs & Mossbridge, 2017;Bierman & Scholte, 2002;Braud, 2002;Cardeña & Krippner, 2000;Hitchman et al, 2012;Honorton et al, 1998;Jahn et al, 2017;Krippner et al, 2019;Lawrence, 1993;Lobach, 2009;Mossbridge, 2017;Palmer, 1971;Palmer & Carpenter, 1998;Radin, 1989;Radin & Lobach, 2007;Storm & Tressoldi, 2017;Walsh & Moddel, 2007;Wittmann et al, in press;Schwartz, 2007;Zdrenka & Wilson, 2017). Drawing from this work, we expected that psi performance would be revealed as a small effect and that gender, psi belief, and target richness or target interestingness would correlate with performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conference Abstracts: SSE/PA Connections, 2021

Various¹

2022

JoP

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In both 2020 and 2021, there were plans to meet for a physical conference hosted by the Rhine Research Center. Though we were not able to meet in person due to world health restrictions, our goal with this event was to take advantage of the flexibility provided by an online forum unconstrained by travel limitations. At the same time, we wanted this event to be more than a bunch of online presentations that you could watch as if they were videos on your computer.The program committee and arrangements chair combined to create a unique and creative event that was designed to accommodate different time zones and provided significant opportunities for participants to continue discussions between sessions and after hours. In an attempt to mimic the best aspects of a live conference experience, speakers were encouraged to interact with attendees in virtual meeting rooms before, during, and after the presentations. There was even a virtual bar for the late-night conversations that often are so productive when we meet for live conferences.The long abstracts that follow were each accepted for presentation at the online conference. Speakers pre-recorded their presentations, and their videos were played according to the conference schedule. Speakers were available after the scheduled video presentation to answer questions and add insight. The videos were also available to conference attendees to view at a later time.This document lists the long abstracts in alphabetical order based on the family name of the first author, with the exception of the Presidential Addresses for the Parapsychological Association and the Society for Scientific Exploration, which are the first two abstracts listed. This is a summary of the presentations at this conference. If you were able to attend or present at this conference, I hope this summary will remind you of the wonderful information that was provided in this combined event by two major organizations studying parapsychology and edge science. The conference was long (9 days total) and packed with a variety of information. The talks had a wide appeal and some great detail from professionals, citizen scientists, and experiencers from around the world.It was a privilege to help define and organize this event, and it would never have happened without the assistance of the program committee, arrangements chair, and conference committee. In addition, numerous volunteers pitched in to make this conference a great success. I hope you enjoy this summary and can use it as a reference in the future.

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Examining the nature of retrocausal effects in biology and psychology

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Psi Performance as a Function of Demographic and Personality Factors in Smartphone-Based Tests

Psi Performance as a Function of Demographic and Personality Factors in Smartphone-Based Tests

Exploring the effects of paranormal belief and gender on precognition task: An application of the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework on parapsychological research

Conference Abstracts: SSE/PA Connections, 2021

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