“…Secondly, findings on the environmental effect of the NICP policy show that it can significantly improve energy productivity [22], green total factor energy efficiency [23], carbon emission efficiency [24], carbon emission intensity [25], and carbon lock-in [26,27]. Thirdly, findings on the innovation effect of the NICP policy show that it is conducive to promoting the flow of knowledge between industry, academia, and research institutions [28,29], city brand [30], green innovation efficiency [31], and green technology progress [32]. In contrast to the government's direct intervention in innovation through resource allocation, several studies suggest that the government should act as a coordinator or facilitator to promote innovation, and its policy formulation should focus on creating a favorable environment for innovation [33,34].…”