Examining the psychometric properties of the Smartphone Addiction Scale and its short version for use with emerging adults in the U.S

Harris, Bethany; McCredie, Morgan N.; Fields, Sherecce

doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100011

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Total scores of 31 and 33 were used as diagnostic thresholds for males and females respectively, in accordance with the original study which found strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91, AUC = 0.96 for boys, AUC = 0.89 for girls). This scale has been widely used internationally and has been found to have similarly strong internal consistencies using the same thresholds for this study's age group (31,32).…”

Section: Smartphone Addiction Scale -Short Version (Sas-sv)mentioning

confidence: 85%

The Association Between Smartphone Addiction and Sleep: A UK Cross-Sectional Study of Young Adults

et al. 2021

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Background: In a large UK study we investigated the relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep quality in a young adult population.Methods: We undertook a large UK cross-sectional observational study of 1,043 participants aged 18 to 30 between January 21st and February 30th 2019. Participants completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version, an adapted Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Score Index and reported smartphone use reduction strategies using both in-person (n = 968) and online (n = 75) questionnaires. A crude and adjusted logistic regression was fitted to assess risk factors for smartphone addiction, and the association between smartphone addiction and poor sleep.Results: One thousand seventy one questionnaires were returned, of which 1,043 participants were included, with median age 21.1 [interquartile range (IQR) 19–22]. Seven hundred and sixty three (73.2%) were female, and 406 reported smartphone addiction (38.9%). A large proportion of participants disclosed poor sleep (61.6%), and in those with smartphone addiction, 68.7% had poor sleep quality, compared to 57.1% of those without. Smartphone addiction was associated with poor sleep (aOR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.06–1.87, p = 0.018).Conclusions: Using a validated instrument, 39% young adults reported smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction was associated with poor sleep, independent of duration of usage, indicating that length of time should not be used as a proxy for harmful usage.

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Section: Smartphone Addiction Scale -Short Version (Sas-sv)mentioning

confidence: 85%

The Association Between Smartphone Addiction and Sleep: A UK Cross-Sectional Study of Young Adults

et al. 2021

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“…The Smartphone Addiction Scale‐Short Version (SAS‐SV; Kwon, Kim, Cho, & Yang, 2013) is a 10‐item measure of PSU, using a Likert‐type scale from “1 = Strongly disagree” to “6 = Strongly agree.” We voiced items in the first‐person for improved consistency (Duke & Montag, 2017). The SAS‐SV has been validated previously (Harris, McCredie, & Fields, 2020; Lopez‐Fernandez, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health anxiety related to problematic smartphone use and gaming disorder severity during COVID ‐19: Fear of missing out as a mediator

Elhai

McKay

Yang

et al. 2020

Human Behav and Emerg Tech

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Health anxiety has been linked with fear and anxiety regarding COVID‐19. Higher levels of health anxiety likely increased social distancing and self‐isolating during the pandemic. We investigated relations among health anxiety, fear of missing out (FOMO) on rewarding social experiences from social distancing, and consequential levels of problematic smartphone use (PSU) and gaming disorder (GD). We surveyed a broad sample of 812 U.S. and Canadian participants during the pandemic, in late‐May 2020, using the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, FOMO Scale, Smartphone Addiction Scale‐Short Version, and GD test. Significant bivariate relationships were found among health anxiety, FOMO, PSU, and GD severity. Using structural equation modeling, FOMO mediated relations between health anxiety and both PSU and GD severity. We discuss FOMO as an important variable explaining problematic digital technology use to compensate for unmet social needs from social distancing. We discuss these findings within the context of the Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution theoretical model of problematic internet use. Results offer novel insight into the role of health anxiety on FOMO from unmet social needs during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and consequential problematic internet use.

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“…For example, research on problematic smartphone use typically focuses on the negative consequences of seeking social reassurance without clearly distinguishing between active bi-directional communication and passive checking on what is happening in one's social network (Elhai et al, 2017 , 2020 ). Furthermore, when examining the items used in scales that are commonly used to measure smartphone problematic use, such as the smartphone addiction scale (Kwon et al, 2013 ; Harris et al, 2020 ) or the smartphone addiction inventory (Pavia et al, 2016 ), it is clear that most of the negative consequences found in studies that use them are driven by social networking app usage rather than communication app usage (e.g., “Constantly checking my smartphone so as not to miss conversations between other people on Twitter or Facebook.”). Additionally, these inconsistent effects are found in pre-pandemic contexts when smartphone usage, in terms of both social networking and messaging apps, interferes with face-to-face interactions (e.g., “I find myself indulged on the smartphone at the cost of hanging out with friends.”).…”

Section: Conceptual Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centennials, FOMO, and Loneliness: An Investigation of the Impact of Social Networking and Messaging/VoIP Apps Usage During the Initial Stage of the Coronavirus Pandemic

2021

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The current COVID-19 pandemic has had obvious, well-documented devastating effects on people's physical health. In this research, we investigate its potential effects on people's mental health. Many people have experienced social isolation, as countries attempt to stem the spread of the disease through confinement and other forms of social distancing. Intuitively, such social isolation may increase feelings of loneliness, and people may take logical steps to reduce their feelings of social isolation and loneliness. One route is through the use of social networking apps (e.g., Facebook, Instagram) and messaging and VoIP apps (e.g., WhatsApp, iMessage). In this research, we investigate the effects of pandemic-induced social isolation on social networking and messaging apps, and potential related effects on loneliness. We surveyed young adults (N = 334) who are part of the Centennial cohort (born after 1995) from three different countries (Italy, Argentina, UK) and obtained their screen time usage data over a 4-week period starting from mid-March 2020. This sampling procedure allowed us to obtain data from respondents who were experiencing different degrees of mandated social isolation (lockdowns), which enabled us to determine whether social network and messaging app usage increased as a function of social isolation, and to test potential effects on levels of loneliness. Results showed that only social network usage increased in the initial stage of confinement as a function of lockdown initiation. Additionally, social network app usage was associated with increased feelings of loneliness, and this relation was mediated by fear of missing out (FOMO). In contrast, messaging app usage was associated with decreased feelings of loneliness, and was unrelated to FOMO. These results suggest that technology may be useful for mitigating the impact of loneliness during social isolation but that it is necessary to promote usage of messaging and VoIP apps, rather than social networking apps, because they are directly associated with decreases in loneliness without increasing FOMO.

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Examining the psychometric properties of the Smartphone Addiction Scale and its short version for use with emerging adults in the U.S

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

The Association Between Smartphone Addiction and Sleep: A UK Cross-Sectional Study of Young Adults

The Association Between Smartphone Addiction and Sleep: A UK Cross-Sectional Study of Young Adults

Health anxiety related to problematic smartphone use and gaming disorder severity during COVID ‐19: Fear of missing out as a mediator

Centennials, FOMO, and Loneliness: An Investigation of the Impact of Social Networking and Messaging/VoIP Apps Usage During the Initial Stage of the Coronavirus Pandemic

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