Examining the Rate of Self-Reported ADHD-Related Traits and Endorsement of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Autistic-Like Traits in Australian University Students

Nankoo, Marie Melusine; Palermo, Romina; Bell, Jason; Pestell, Carmela

doi:10.1177/1087054718758901

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Although, the present study shows that mood symptoms like depression and stress can be seen as result of coping with increased severity of ADHD symptoms, especially in non-clinal sample adults, the study does not rule out the possibility that ADHD symptoms may rise from mood symptoms (Nankoo, Palermo, Bell, & Pestell, 2018) and stressors arising from the university environment (Alexander & Harrison, 2013). Said differently, after enrolling at a university, a new phase of life begins with changes in lifestyle, financial responsibilities, and the rise of academic worries and a preoccupation with post-graduation life (Ibrahim, Kelly, Adams & Glazebrook, 2013).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…For example, Abdallah and Gabr (2014) showed that weak organization skills (i.e., organizing lectures and timetable) are associated with anxiety and stress measured by the DASS. The same holds for the association of depression with risk taking ( Bannink et al, 2015 ; Pailing & Reniers, 2018 ) and problems with self-esteem (see a meta-analysis by Aboalshamat et al, 2017 ; Nankoo et al, 2018 ; Sowislo & Orth, 2013 ). On the one hand, students may take risky actions (e.g., smoking Cannabis), as a distracting mean, to decrease anxious, depressive, and/or stressful feelings ( Arbel et al, 2018 ; Michael & Ben-Zur, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…organizing lectures and timetable) are associated with anxiety and stress measured by the DASS scale. The same holds for the association of depression with risk taking (Bannink, Broeren, Heydelberg, van't Klooster, & Raat, 2015;Pailing, & Reniers, 2018) and problems with self-esteem (see a metaanalysis by Sowislo, & Orth, 2013;Aboalshamat et al, 2017;Nankoo et al, 2018). On the one hand, students may take risky actions (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Executive and Daily Life Functioning Influence the Relationship Between ADHD and Mood Symptoms in University Students

2020

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Objectives: Many studies have indicated a close relationship between ADHD and mood symptoms in university students. In the present study, we explore the role of daily functional impairments and executive functioning in the ADHD–mood relationship. Method: A total of 343 adults (126 males) filled out (a) the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale, (b) the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, (c) the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale, and (d) the Executive Function Index Scale. Results: The correlation between mood symptoms and ADHD was .48 (moderate correlation) and dropped to .15 (weak correlation) when controlling for functional problems and executive functioning. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both functional impairments and executive functioning significantly explained 42% to 53% of the variance of mood symptoms. The addition of ADHD symptoms to the model slightly increased the explained mood variance by only 1%. Conclusion: These findings underline the role of experienced difficulties in triggering mood symptoms in ADHD symptomatology.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Executive and Daily Life Functioning Influence the Relationship Between ADHD and Mood Symptoms in University Students

2020

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“…In general, and not only during a pandemic, the relationship between ADHD and depression or anxiety has already been addressed. 53–58 Additionally, patients with ASD in general are more prone to developing depression and anxiety. 16 However, in this study, wherein a strong correlation was found between ADHD traits and depression/anxiety symptoms, there was no significant correlation for autistic traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits on medical workers under the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesThere are numerous reports on the psychological burden of medical workers after the COVID-19 outbreak; however, no study has examined the influence of developmental characteristics on the mental health of medical workers. The objective of this study was to examine whether the developmental characteristics of medical workers are associated with anxiety and depression after the COVID-19 outbreak.DesignWe conducted an online cross-sectional questionnaire survey in October 2020.Participants and settingThe data of 640 medical workers were analysed. The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic data, changes in their life after the COVID-19 outbreak and symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits and autism spectrum disorder traits.Main outcomesDepression symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms were assessed by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to test the effects of developmental characteristics on depression and anxiety symptoms after controlling for sociodemographic factors and changes in participants’ lives after the COVID-19 outbreak.ResultsIncreases in physical and psychological burden were observed in 49.1% and 78.3% of the subjects, respectively. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that ADHD traits were significantly associated with both depression (β=0.390, p<0.001) and anxiety (β=0.426, p<0.001). Autistic traits were significantly associated with depression (β=0.069, p<0.05) but not anxiety. Increased physical and psychological burden, being female, medical workers other than physicians and nurses, fear of COVID-19 and experience of discrimination were also significantly associated with both depression and anxiety.ConclusionGlobally, the burden on medical workers increased. This study suggested that medical workers with higher ADHD traits may need special attention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…These results are in line with the aforementioned study of Stewart and colleagues, who concluded that inattention was the best parameter to distinguish ADHD from other Axis I diagnoses, whereas the self-concept scale also contributed to this, especially regarding the differentiation to depression (Stewart & Liljequist, 2015). Another recently published study by Nankoo, Palermo, Bell, and Pestell (2019) also found the subscales for inattention, impulsivity, and self-concept to create unique variance in depression scores and might therefore be a great tool for the distinction of ADHD with and without comorbid depression (Nankoo et al, 2019). Our results support that, in addition to hyperactivity, inattention and self-concept subscales of the CAARS are other distinguishing features between ADHD with and without comorbid depression and MDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of ADHD and Depression Based on Cognitive Performance

et al. 2019

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Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether self-report scales and neuropsychological tests used for adult patients with ADHD can help to distinguish between ADHD-specific and depressive symptoms. Method: In a cross-sectional design, differences in self-report questionnaires and neuropsychological tests among clinical subgroups and healthy controls (HC) were evaluated. Patients in clinical groups were diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) or ADHD with or without depressive symptoms according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) guidelines. Results: The Hyperactivity subscales of the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) differed between MDD and ADHD, whereas self-concept and inattention scales even distinguished comorbidity subgroups within the ADHD population. A reduced alertness and higher variations in reaction times measured by performance tests indicated problems in sustained attention in ADHD patients compared with HC. Conclusion: The diagnostic process of ADHD, and thereby the distinction from other symptom-overlapping, comorbid mental disorders, might be improved by utilizing ADHD-specific self-report questionnaires and neuropsychological tests, which are short, cost-effective, and standardized screening methods.

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Examining the Rate of Self-Reported ADHD-Related Traits and Endorsement of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Autistic-Like Traits in Australian University Students

Cited by 16 publications

References 80 publications

Executive and Daily Life Functioning Influence the Relationship Between ADHD and Mood Symptoms in University Students

Executive and Daily Life Functioning Influence the Relationship Between ADHD and Mood Symptoms in University Students

Psychological burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits on medical workers under the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey

Differentiation of ADHD and Depression Based on Cognitive Performance

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