Examining the relationship between intermediate scale soil moisture   and terrestrial evaporation within a semi-arid grassland

Jana, Raghavendra B.; Ershadi, Ali; McCabe, Matthew F.

doi:10.5194/hess-2016-186

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Moreover, compared with on‐site measurements, the PT‐JPL model is not limited by time or space, so it can be combined with remotely sensed vegetation conditions to estimate ET at regional scales and predict future ET . The PT‐JPL model has only been applied at site scale without a vegetative component to date (Gu et al, ; Jana et al, ; Moyano et al, ), but given sufficient ecophysiological parameters, incorporating a dynamic vegetation scheme in the PT‐JPL model is possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Increase in Regional Evaporative Water Consumption as a Result of Vegetation Restoration Over the Loess Plateau, China

et al. 2019

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One of the world's largest revegetation programs, the Grain for Green Project (GfGP), has been taking place on the Loess Plateau of China since 1999. Such massive revegetation causes changes in the region's hydrological cycle, water availability, and ecological sustainability through enhanced evapotranspiration (ET). Here we quantify effects of the GfGP's revegetation on ET over this water-stressed region. Our approach involves use of a modified Priestley-Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL) model, incorporating vegetation dynamics as a new component. The original PT-JPL model has been expanded from site scale to regional scale, thereby allowing its application to the Loess Plateau. The modified PT-JPL model was calibrated and validated against flux tower-measured and water balance-based ET observations. The model performed well at a regional scale with the incorporation of vegetation dynamics. To quantify the net effect of revegetation on evaporative water consumption after the GfGP, we compared scenarios with and without revegetation. We find the revegetation has led to a significant increase in ET across the Loess Plateau, of 4.39 mm/yr averaged over the past 15 years (mean annual precipitation was 464 mm). Compared with the no revegetation scenario, the GfGP revegetation appreciably enhanced evaporative water consumption across the Loess Plateau, by approximately 31 × 10 8 m 3 /yr (or 4.90 mm/yr). Our findings suggest that to maintain ecologically sustainable restoration and rational use of water resources, factors including the strength of revegetation and the relationship between evaporative water consumption and revegetation type should be considered. Key Points:• The PT-JPL model has been upgraded to allow incorporation of vegetation dynamics at a regional scale • The extended PT-JPL model performs well at regional scale • Compared with a no-revegetation scenario, revegetation increases evaporative water consumption byapproximately 31 × 108 m3/yr (4.90 mm/yr) across theLoess Plateau, China Supporting Information:• Supporting Information S1

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Increase in Regional Evaporative Water Consumption as a Result of Vegetation Restoration Over the Loess Plateau, China

et al. 2019

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“…As a result, given the coarse resolution observations (e.g., from remote sensing platforms), fine resolution soil moisture maps can be generated across large spatial extents. Further, it is also possible to generate soil moisture maps at intermediate resolutions (between the model and observation resolutions) that can be useful for other hydrological modeling efforts, including improvements in the estimation of spatially distributed evaporation [26,27] , informing other downscaling approaches [28,29] , or in verifying land surface model output [30,31] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous data assimilation for downscaling large-footprint soil moisture retrievals

2016

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“…Comprising a growing network of more than 200 cosmicray neutron probes at fixed installations across six continents, these data represent a valuable source of independent infor-5 See http://www.nature.com/news/ mobile-phone-signals-bolster-street-level-rain-forecasts-1.21799. mation from which a range of hydrological responses may be inferred or assessed (Jana et al, 2016;Montzka et al, 2017).…”

Section: Signals Of Opportunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of Earth observation in hydrology

McCabe

Rodell

Alsdorf

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In just the past 5 years, the field of Earth observation has progressed beyond the offerings of conventional space-agency-based platforms to include a plethora of sensing opportunities afforded by CubeSats, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and smartphone technologies that are being embraced by both for-profit companies and individual researchers. Over the previous decades, space agency efforts have brought forth well-known and immensely useful satellites such as the Landsat series and the Gravity Research and Climate Experiment (GRACE) system, with costs typically of the order of 1 billion dollars per satellite and with concept-to-launch timelines of the order of 2 decades (for new missions). More recently, the proliferation of smartphones has helped to miniaturize sensors and energy requirements, facilitating advances in the use of CubeSats that can be launched by the dozens, while providing ultra-high (3-5 m) resolution sensing of the Earth on a daily basis. Startup companies that did not exist a decade ago now operate more satellites in orbit than any space agency, and at costs that are a mere fraction of traditional satellite missions.With these advances come new space-borne measurements, such as real-time high-definition video for tracking air pollution, storm-cell development, flood propagation, precipitation monitoring, or even for constructing digital surfaces using structure-from-motion techniques. Closer to the surface, measurements from small unmanned drones and tethered balloons have mapped snow depths, floods, and estimated evaporation at sub-metre resolutions, pushing back on spatio-temporal constraints and delivering new process insights. At ground level, precipitation has been measured using signal attenuation between antennae mounted on cell phone towers, while the proliferation of mobile devices has enabled citizen scientists to catalogue photos of environmental conditions, estimate daily average temperatures from battery state, and sense other hydrologically important variables such as channel depths using commercially available wireless devices. Global internet access is being pursued via highaltitude balloons, solar planes, and hundreds of planned satellite launches, providing a means to exploit the "internet of things" as an entirely new measurement domain. Such globalPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. The future of Earth observation in hydrology access will enable real-time collection of data from billions of smartphones or from remote research platforms. This future will produce petabytes of data that can only be accessed via cloud storage and will require new analytical approaches to interpret. The extent to which today's hydrologic models can usefully ingest such massive data volumes is unclear. Nor is it clear whether this deluge of data will be usefully exploited, either because the measurements are superfluous, inconsistent, not accurate enough, or simply because we lack the capacity to process and analyse them. What is apparen...

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Examining the relationship between intermediate scale soil moisture and terrestrial evaporation within a semi-arid grassland

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Estimating the Increase in Regional Evaporative Water Consumption as a Result of Vegetation Restoration Over the Loess Plateau, China

Estimating the Increase in Regional Evaporative Water Consumption as a Result of Vegetation Restoration Over the Loess Plateau, China

Continuous data assimilation for downscaling large-footprint soil moisture retrievals

The future of Earth observation in hydrology

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