Examining the relationship between social support availability, urban center size, and self-perceived mental health of recent immigrants to Canada: A mixed-methods analysis

Chadwick, Kathryn A.; Collins, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.036

Cited by 87 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A strong social support network may help them improve their ability to overcome settlement challenges. 12,13 Gender showed discordant results with our outcomes. While we found no relationship between gender and self-perceived mental health, our analysis demonstrated that women are more likely than men to report a diagnosis of mood disorder.…”

Section: Migration and Mental Healthsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…12,13 The relationship between social support and mental health may be explained by the fact that strong social support and community belonging provide people with positive experiences, and a lack of positive social relationships and low social support appeared to have more pronounced adverse effects on the mental health of migrant populations. 12,29 Migrants experience multiple stressors during the settlement process. A strong social support network may help them improve their ability to overcome settlement challenges.…”

Section: Migration and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Diverse social determinants of health are implicated in migrant mental health disparities in Canada. Income, 6 gender, [7][8][9][10] employment status, 11 social support network, and a sense of community belonging 12,13 have all been shown to contribute to mental health status. Although there is evidence of an effect of age at migration on health, 14 there is a paucity of knowledge about mental health outcomes of migrant populations in Canada across the lifespan and across gender.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Migration and social determinants of mental health: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Salami

Yaskina

Hegadoren

et al. 2017

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: Studies worldwide point to increased risk of mental health problems among immigrants. However, the data on Canadian immigrants' mental health are ambiguous. To address this, we examined the relationship of both self-perceived mental health and reported diagnosis of mood disorders with age, gender, migration status, time since migration, and social determinants of health factors. METHODS:We analyzed three cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Our outcome variables were self-perceived mental health and reported diagnosis of mood disorders. We used weighted logistic regression to model time since migration conditional on age, gender, income, community belonging, education, and employment status for 12 160 participants aged 15-79 years.RESULTS: Recent (within 5 years) migrants reported better self-perceived mental health (odds ratio 3.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.06-7.70) but this effect disappeared with longer time since immigration. Other predictors were older age, higher income, better sense of community belonging, and being employed. Similarly, diagnosis of mood disorders was less likely to be reported in recent migrants (odds ratio 0.23, 95% CI: 0.10-0.53) with some weak evidence that this was also seen among longer-term migrant residents (>10 years). Diagnosis was also associated with older age, being a woman, lower income, weak sense of community belonging, and being unemployed. DISCUSSION:Our findings indicate that migrants to Canada do not have worse mental health in general, though health and social policies need to attend to the socio-economic determinants, such as low income, unemployment, and a poor sense of community belonging, which contribute to population health outcomes.KEY WORDS: Canada; immigrants; immigration; mental health; social determinants of health La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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Section: Migration and Mental Healthsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Migration and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration and social determinants of mental health: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Salami

Yaskina

Hegadoren

et al. 2017

Can J Public Health

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“…Poor?” The responses were dichotomized as poor/fair (poor mental health) and good/very good/excellent (good mental health). This treatment of the perceived mental health measure has been done in other studies [31,32], and is an established approach to modifying self-reported health measures [33]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Insecurity, Poor Diet Quality, and Suboptimal Intakes of Folate and Iron Are Independently Associated with Perceived Mental Health in Canadian Adults

2017

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Background: To address nutrition-related population mental health data gaps, we examined relationships among food insecurity, diet quality, and perceived mental health. Methods: Stratified and logistic regression analyses of respondents aged 19–70 years from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 were conducted (n = 15,546). Measures included the Household Food Security Survey Module, diet quality (i.e., comparisons to the Dietary Reference Intakes, Healthy Eating Index), perceived mental health (poor versus good), sociodemographics, and smoking. Results: In this sample, 6.9% were food insecure and 4.5% reported poor mental health. Stratified analysis of food security and mental health status by age/gender found associations for poor diet quality, protein, fat, fibre, and several micronutrients (p-values < 0.05); those who were food insecure tended to have higher suboptimal intakes (p-values < 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, associations in relation to mental health emerged for food insecurity (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.45–1.71), poor diet quality (1.61, 95% CI 1.34–1.81), and suboptimal intakes of folate (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.17–1.90) and iron (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.23–1.88). Conclusions: Population approaches that improve food security and intakes of high quality diets may protect people from poor mental health.

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“…Social support looks at individual support of their relations with others from the perspective of cognitive assessment. The social support theorists believe that the only relationship that a person knows it as a suitable and available source for meeting their needs is considered as support (14). Sometimes, the aid is inappropriate and untimely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nurses' Quality of Life Based on Burnout, Perceived Social Support and Psychological Hardiness

Hatamipour¹,

Hoveida²,

Rahimaghaee³

et al. 2017

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Background: Nurses are responsible for maintaining and improving the health and quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is important to assess the quality of life of nurses in order to improve it. Quality of life is affected by many variables and among them burnout, perceived social support and psychological hardiness are the leading ones. This study aimed at predicting the quality of life of nurses based on job burnout, perceived social support and psychological hardiness. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on nurses working in governmental hospitals in Tehran , 2015. Four-hundred nurses were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The instruments were burnout, perceived social support, psychological hardiness and quality of life questionnaires. The data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression model simultaneously. Results:The results showed that the burnout and quality of life of the nurses had a significant and negative relationship (r=-0.39) and the perceived social support (r =0.61) and psychological hardiness (r =0.45) had a positive and significant correlation with quality of life of nurses (P<0.01). In a predictive model of burnout, perceived social support and psychological hardiness could predict 59.3 percent of the changes in quality of life (R2=0.593). Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that nursing executives, counselors, therapists and policy makers pay attention to the signs and the effects of these variables , and conduct some appropriate programs for improving the quality of life of nurses.

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Examining the relationship between social support availability, urban center size, and self-perceived mental health of recent immigrants to Canada: A mixed-methods analysis

Cited by 87 publications

References 29 publications

Migration and social determinants of mental health: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Migration and social determinants of mental health: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Food Insecurity, Poor Diet Quality, and Suboptimal Intakes of Folate and Iron Are Independently Associated with Perceived Mental Health in Canadian Adults

The Nurses' Quality of Life Based on Burnout, Perceived Social Support and Psychological Hardiness

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