Examining the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), cortisol, and inflammation among young adults

Wong, Kingston E.; Wade, Terrance J.; Moore, Jessy; Marcellus, Ashley; Molnar, Danielle S.; O’Leary, Deborah D.; MacNeil, Adam J.

doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100516

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…ACEs is a persistent stressor that leads to dysregulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis response (Clemens et al, 2020), which might lead to problems in the endocrine, neurological, and immune systems (Boullier & Blair, 2018). Thus, chronic inflammation and abnormal cortisol level are results of ACEs (Wong et al, 2022). Different brain areas (e.g., prefrontal cortex and hippocampus) might be impacted by ACEs' toxic stress leading to various issues such as poor executive function and concentration (Boullier & Blair, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of adverse childhood experience during late adolescence: Evidence from college and community samples

Almaradheef,

Alhalal

2024

Research in Nursing & Health

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Scant studies have investigated adverse childhood experience (ACE) outcomes and mastery during adolescence in different cultural contexts. This cross‐sectional study examines the impact of ACEs on subjective well‐being, health complaints, and healthcare utilization during late adolescence, including the mediating role of the sense of mastery in the Saudi context. Adolescents (N = 396) aged 17–21 years were recruited via convenience sampling from colleges and local communities from two regions in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a paper‐pencil anonymous survey and analyzed using path analysis. Of the sample, 85.5% experienced at least one ACE. ACEs had a direct effect on subjective well‐being (p = 0.034), health complaints (p < 0.001), healthcare utilization (p < 0.001), and sense of mastery (p < 0.001). Sense of mastery had an effect on subjective well‐being (p < 0.001) and health complaints (p < 0.001), but not on healthcare utilization (p = 0.436). Sense of mastery partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and subjective well‐being (p = 0.034) and health complaints (p < 0.001), but not healthcare utilization (p = 0.438). ACEs have detrimental effects on adolescent health. Attention should be paid to primary prevention and early detection to avoid further harm, and interventions that address the role of the sense of mastery should be developed for adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of adverse childhood experience during late adolescence: Evidence from college and community samples

Almaradheef,

Alhalal

2024

Research in Nursing & Health

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“…24 Multiple studies indicate that exposure to trauma is associated with dysregulation of several physiological systems that have been shown to influence BP. [25][26][27][28] For instance, report of childhood trauma is associated with increased concentrations of circulating catecholamines and pro-inflammatory markers (eg, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 [IL-6]) 18,[29][30][31][32] as well as epigenetic modifications (eg, DNA methylation [DNAm]). 33 DNAm has been implicated in the development of chronic conditions among adults, such as hypertension, CVD, and diabetes.…”

Section: Epigenetics Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of Trauma Exposure and DNA Methylation on Blood Pressure Among Black Women in the InterGEN Study

et al. 2022

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Objective: Despite evidence that trauma exposure is linked to higher risk of hypertension, epigenetic mechanisms (such as DNA methylation) by which trauma potentially influences hypertension risk among Black adults remain understudied. Methods: Data from a longitudinal study of Black mothers were used to test the hypothesis that direct childhood trauma (ie, personal exposure) and vicarious trauma (ie, childhood trauma experienced by their children) would interact with DNA methylation to increase blood pressure (BP). Separate linear mixed effects models were fitted at each CpG site with the DNA methylation beta-value and direct and vicarious trauma as predictors and systolic and diastolic BP modeled as dependent variables adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, and body mass index. Interaction terms between DNA methylation beta-values with direct and vicarious trauma were added. Results: The sample included 244 Black mothers with a mean age of 31.2 years (SD = ±5.8). Approximately 45% of participants reported at least one form of direct childhood trauma and 49% reported at least one form of vicarious trauma. Epigenome-wide interaction analyses found that no CpG sites passed the epigenome-wide significance level indicating the interaction between direct or vicarious trauma with DNAm did not influence systolic or diastolic BP. Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to simultaneously examine whether direct or vicarious exposure to trauma interact with DNAm to influence BP. Although findings were null, this study highlights directions for future research that investigates epigenetic mechanisms that may link trauma exposure with hypertension risk in Black women.

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“…Common origins for both preeclampsia and mood disorders may be developmental and rely on conserved pathoetiologic mechanisms including stress reactivity and proinflammation [11][12][13]. ACEs, which developmentally precede pregnancy-onset disease and mood disorders, are known drivers of stress reactivity and inflammatory dysregulation and may serve as a modifiable risk factor in psycho-obstetric disease pathogenesis [14][15][16][17]. Despite this, few previous reports have evaluated the potential links between ACEs and perinatal health, leaving the early-life origins of and interactions with depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular disease risk in the perinatal period largely unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for adverse childhood experiences and depression in preeclampsia

Myers,

Gumusoglu,

Brandt

et al. 2024

J. Clin. Trans. Sci.

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Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a measure of childhood adversity and are associated with life-long morbidity. The impacts of ACEs on peripartum health including preeclampsia, a common and dangerous hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, remain unclear, however. Therefore, we aimed to determine ACE association with peripartum psychiatric health and prevalence of preeclampsia using a case-control design. Methods: Clinical data were aggregated and validated using a large, intergenerational knowledgebase developed at our institution. Depression symptoms were measured by standard clinical screeners: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). ACEs were assessed via survey. Scores were compared between participants with (N = 32) and without (N = 46) prior preeclampsia. Results: Participants with ACE scores ≥4 had significantly greater odds of preeclampsia than those with scores ≤ 3 (adjusted odds ratio = 6.71, 95% confidence interval:1.13-40.00; p = 0.037). Subsequent speculative analyses revealed that increased odds of preeclampsia may be driven by increased childhood abuse and neglect dimensions of the ACE score. PHQ-9 scores (3.73 vs. 1.86, p = 0.03), EPDS scores (6.38 vs. 3.71, p = 0.01), and the incidence of depression (37.5% vs. 23.9%, p = 0.05) were significantly higher in participants with a history of preeclampsia versus controls. Conclusions: Childhood sets the stage for lifelong health. Our findings suggest that ACEs may be a risk factor for preeclampsia and depression, uniting the developmental origins of psychiatric and obstetric risk.

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Examining the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), cortisol, and inflammation among young adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Outcomes of adverse childhood experience during late adolescence: Evidence from college and community samples

Outcomes of adverse childhood experience during late adolescence: Evidence from college and community samples

The Interaction of Trauma Exposure and DNA Methylation on Blood Pressure Among Black Women in the InterGEN Study

A role for adverse childhood experiences and depression in preeclampsia

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