Examining the role of sex in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors

Fox, Kathryn; Millner, Alexander J.; Mukerji, Cora; Nock, Matthew K.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.009

Cited by 81 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Thus, for our sample, while women accounted for most suicide attempts (70.6%), men accounted for most suicides (81.1%); however, our male suicide rate was much higher than the 74.6% reported for Spain [35]. Our results ─ except for interrupted self-directed violence, where we found men to be in the majority (53.3%) ─ corroborate the results of a review for developed countries [7] that found that women were in the majority in all types of suicidal behaviour except for completed suicide. Future studies with a larger sample would enable us to determine whether cases of interrupted self-directed violence are more similar to cases of death by suicide than to cases of suicide attempts and suicidal ideation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Behaviour and the Relationship with a Nurse-Led Suicide Prevention Program.

Pons-Baños¹,

Ferrando²,

Riesco-Miranda³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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(1) Aims: To analyse the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics and particular kinds of suicidal behaviour and its relationship with a nurse-led suicide prevention program. (2) Methods: A 5-year cross-sectional study design. Study performed in the region of Osona (Catalonia) during 2013-2017. Suicidal behaviour was classified as suicidal ideation, interrupted self-directed violence, suicide attempt and completed suicide. (3) Results: The sample included 753 patients ─ of whom 53 died by suicide─ and encompassed 931 suicidal behaviour episodes. Men represented 38.4% of the sample but 81.1% of deaths by suicide. Mental disorders were associated with suicidal behaviour in 75.4% of the sample. 66.4% of the individuals were engaged in the nurse-led Suicidal Behaviour Case Management Program, of which 0.8% (n=4) died by suicide. (4) Conclusion: The main risk factors were female sex for suicidal behaviour, and male sex and older age for suicide. Mental disorders, widowhood and retirement were also associated with suicide. A high proportion of patients was engaged to the nurse-led suicide prevention program with a low proportion of suicides.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Regarding sex, suicide rates are higher for the male than the female sex worldwide, with some exceptions, such as China [6]. In Europe, while there are 3.47 male suicides for every female suicide, suicide ideation and attempt rates are higher among women [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Behaviour and the Relationship with a Nurse-Led Suicide Prevention Program.

Pons-Baños¹,

Ferrando²,

Riesco-Miranda³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The examination of sex differences in STBs is a major gap in the neuroimaging literature and a critical area for study. There are well-established sex-dependent features known in STBs [188], such as a higher rate of attempts in females and a higher lethality of attempts in males [189][190][191]. Moreover, increased death rates by suicide between 1999 and 2017 as reported by the CDC showed the rate of increase was substantially higher for females than males (53% and 26%, respectively).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a comprehensive review of 2 decades of neuroimaging studies

et al. 2019

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Identifying brain alterations that contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are important to develop more targeted and effective strategies to prevent suicide. In the last decade, and especially in the last 5 years, there has been exponential growth in the number of neuroimaging studies reporting structural and functional brain circuitry correlates of STBs. Within this narrative review, we conducted a comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies of STBs published to date and summarize the progress achieved on elucidating neurobiological substrates of STBs, with a focus on converging findings across studies. We review neuroimaging evidence across differing mental disorders for structural, functional, and molecular alterations in association with STBs, which converges particularly in regions of brain systems that subserve emotion and impulse regulation including the ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) and dorsal PFC (DPFC), insula and their mesial temporal, striatal and posterior connection sites, as well as in the connections between these brain areas. The reviewed literature suggests that impairments in medial and lateral VPFC regions and their connections may be important in the excessive negative and blunted positive internal states that can stimulate suicidal ideation, and that impairments in a DPFC and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) system may be important in suicide attempt behaviors. A combination of VPFC and DPFC system disturbances may lead to very high risk circumstances in which suicidal ideation is converted to lethal actions via decreased top-down inhibition of behavior and/or maladaptive, inflexible decision-making and planning. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and insula may play important roles in switching between these VPFC and DPFC systems, which may contribute to the transition from suicide thoughts to behaviors. Future neuroimaging research of larger sample sizes, including global efforts, longitudinal designs, and careful consideration of developmental stages, and sex and gender, will facilitate more effectively targeted preventions and interventions to reduce loss of life to suicide.

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“…Cabe considerar que, de modo geral, a literatura mostra que as taxas mais elevadas de suicídio entre idosos são identificadas principalmente entre os homens, pois entre idosos, as taxas de suicídio parecem tornar-se mais elevadas entre os homens e mais reduzidas entre mulheres (FOX et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ocorrências relacionadas ao comportamento suicida atendidas pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU)

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Examining the role of sex in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors

Cited by 81 publications

References 88 publications

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Behaviour and the Relationship with a Nurse-Led Suicide Prevention Program.

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Behaviour and the Relationship with a Nurse-Led Suicide Prevention Program.

Imaging suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a comprehensive review of 2 decades of neuroimaging studies

Ocorrências relacionadas ao comportamento suicida atendidas pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU)

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