Examples of characteristics of wood that affect mould growth: a meta-analysis

Johansson, Pernilla; Mjörnell, Kristina; Arfvidsson, Jesper

doi:10.1007/s00107-016-1127-x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A similar fungi response to metal-treated wood was found by Gadd [55]. The content of compounds such as tannins in wood was also related to the susceptibility to mould of different species [56][57][58][59][60][61]. This was best illustrated by the differences obtained in heartwood to sapwood, i.e., if the heartwood contained high levels of extractives and reduced nutrient levels, the susceptibility to biodegradation was directly affected [56,62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Resistance of Wood Treated with Iron Compounds against Wood-Destroying Decay and Mould Fungi

Aleinikovas

Varnagirytė–Kabašinskiene

Povilaitienė

et al. 2021

Forests

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Treatment of wood with various physical and chemical factors can change the number of wood parameters, which can also lead to changes in resistance to wood-destroying fungi. This study evaluates the effects of hydrothermal treatments (additives Fe2O3 or FeCl3 with and without commercial tannins, also without additives and fresh wood) on decay and mould fungi resistance of modified wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), walnut (Juglans regia), and Norway maple (Acer platanoides). For wood samples, the resistance against wood decay fungi Trametes versicolor (white rot) and Coniophora puteana (brown rot) and the resistance against mould fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. were assessed. The study findings showed that wood modified with iron compounds could cause a higher resistance to wood-destroying fungi. The weight losses of the modified and control wood, caused by T. versicolor and C. puteana, differed for coniferous and deciduous: the average weight loss of treated pine, spruce, and fir wood caused by C. puteana was higher than that caused by T. versicolor, while these differences on maple and walnut wood were not significant. The wood hydrothermal treatment with Fe2Cl3 with and without tannins significantly reduced the weight loss caused by T. versicolor and C. puteana, and the treatment with Fe2O3 slightly improved the decay resistance. For the wood, hydrothermally modified with FeCl3 and FeCl3 + tannins, the mould area for both tested Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. was smallest for the wood of all tested tree species compared to other treatments. A different response was obtained for coniferous and deciduous tree species wood. The spruce wood, followed by fir wood, treated with FeCl3 with and without tannins, was the most resistant against the mould fungi. Relatively low resistance against the mould fungi was fixed for the maple wood treated by various iron compounds, except the treatment with Fe2O3 + tannins, which gave a very positive response against the Penicillium sp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Resistance of Wood Treated with Iron Compounds against Wood-Destroying Decay and Mould Fungi

Aleinikovas

Varnagirytė–Kabašinskiene

Povilaitienė

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…On the other hand, a high moisture storage capacity and moisture content could determine the material's degradation [24]. Furthermore, bio-based composites can be easily attacked by microorganisms due to their chemical composition, their organic nature, and their pH [81,82]. Apart from the aesthetic impact, a biological attack can lower the durability of composites, affect the materials' properties, and restrict their performance, modify their chemical compositions, and compromise their natural structures [83].…”

Section: Additional Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygroscopicity and Morphology of Bio-Based Boards—The Influence of the Formulation

Cintura,

Nunes,

Molari

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The internal structures and the hygroscopicity of bio-based boards consisting of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) and hazelnut shells as bio-aggregates, and a sodium silicate solution as the adhesive, were investigated. The aim was to evaluate the influence of each material (the bio-aggregates and adhesive) and their distributions in the boards on the final performance. By carrying out X-ray computed tomography, the internal structures and the porosities of the boards were determined, allowing important considerations of their hygroscopicity. The voids’ percentages were between 26% and 36% of the total volume of the composites. Both the materials and the composites demonstrated high hygroscopicity. In particular, the mixtures of the bio-aggregates and the sodium silicate allowed reaching a moisture buffering value of 7.44 g/(m2%RH) for the A. donax-based composite, 3.86 g/(m2%RH) for the hazelnut-shell-based composite, and 4.65 g/(m2%RH) for the mixture-based composite. Besides the identification of the contributions of the materials, a detailed discussion of the assessed properties was carried out to use these bio-based boards in vernacular historic construction. The results show how the aggregate type and the adhesive content affected the final behavior, demonstrating the importance of a conscious material choice. Furthermore, helpful information for the future development of these types of bio-based boards and their possible optimization was provided.

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“…The mold index 2 (microscopic view) was in the second week for 90 -85 % RH. The meta-analysis in Johansson study [6] showed that the mold began to grow in almost 7 days for 95 % RH at 22 °C, in all samples on day 21. The samples at 90 % RH at 22 °C had a mold index of value 2 for 14 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Several researchers have published their predictions or curves for mold growth, which were based on correlations between moisture and observations of mold growth [6][7][8]. In general, mold observations are converted to a mold index, which is more understandable than coverage rates for assessing mold risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mold growth on pine and spruce wood: Dependence on moisture content, anatomical direction, and mold species

Ryparovà

Kopecký

Richter

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Better knowledge about the conditions for mold growth on wood could improve mold growth prediction models, prevent health risks, and increase the durability of wood without any additional biocidal treatment. Mold growth depends on the surrounding condition and the available nutrients. The most effective measure to prevent mold growth in wood-based houses is to keep the indoor relative humidity sufficiently low. We studied the dependence of mold growth on ambient relative humidity (75 - 95 % RH) at 23 °C with respect to the anatomical direction of wood and mold species. The samples were prepared from pine and spruce sapwood. The monitored parameters were the time of germination and the first macroscopic observation. Mold growth started at relative humidity higher than 75 %. Liquid water retarded mold germination. The germination time varied between 7 and 24 days in the absence of liquid water in the samples. The time from the first macroscopic observation ranged from 19 to 31 days under conditions without liquid water. Wetting the samples increased the time required to observe the first fungal growth at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. The use of variable humidity in the range of 75 – 95 % RH extended the time required for germination.

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Examples of characteristics of wood that affect mould growth: a meta-analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Resistance of Wood Treated with Iron Compounds against Wood-Destroying Decay and Mould Fungi

Resistance of Wood Treated with Iron Compounds against Wood-Destroying Decay and Mould Fungi

Hygroscopicity and Morphology of Bio-Based Boards—The Influence of the Formulation

Mold growth on pine and spruce wood: Dependence on moisture content, anatomical direction, and mold species

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