Exceptional forage regrowth, nodulation and nitrogenase activity of kudzu (<i>Pueraria lobata</i>(Willd.) Ohivi) grown on eroded Dougherty loam subsoil

Lynd, J. Q.; Ansman, T. R.

doi:10.1080/01904169009364122

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Kudzu now is considered a noxious weed, and interest has shifted towards its control and eradication (Forseth & Teramura, 1987). However, more recent research focusing on the possible utilization of kudzu for the recovery of eroded and low fertility soils has been carried out (Lynd & Ansman, 1990). Although kudzu is not native to regions characterized by the transition between tropical and subtropical climates, this species has been well established in small areas in southeastern Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of leaf anatomy of kudzu (Pueraria lobata, Leguminosae-Faboideae) related to water and energy balance

Pereira-Netto

Gabriele

Pinto

1999

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Kudzu is a cover crop that has escaped cultivation in some subtropical and warm temperate regions. Kudzu has previously demonstrated broad intraspecific physiological plasticity while colonizing new environments. The objective of this paper was to investigate characteristics of kudzu leaflet anatomy that might contribute to its successful growth in climatically distinct environments, and to escape cultivation as well. Fresh and fixed leaflet strips of field-grown plants were analyzed. The lower epidermis of kudzu showed a higher frequency of stomata (147 ± 19 stomata mm -2 ) than the upper epidermis (26 ± 17 stomata mm -2 ). The average number of trichomes per square milimeter was 8 for both the upper and the lower epidermis. The average trichome length was 410 ± 200 µm for the upper epidermis and 460 ± 190 µm for the lower epidermis. Cuticle thickness was not considerably different between lower and upper epidermis. The leaflet blade consisted basically of two layers (upper and lower) of unicellular epidermis, two layers of palisade parenchyma and one layer of spongy parenchyma. One layer of paraveinal mesophyll was found between palisade and spongy parenchyma.In conclusion, leaflets of kudzu present anatomical characteristics that might contribute to the broad physiological plasticity shown by kudzu.Index terms: cuticle thickness, ecophysiology, leaflet anatomy, stomata, trichomes. ASPECTOS DA ANATOMIA FOLIAR DE PUERARIA LOBATA (LEGUMINOSAE-FABOIDEAE) ASSOCIADOS AO BALANÇO DE ÁGUA E DE ENERGIARESUMO -Kudzu é uma cultura de cobertura que se tornou invasiva em algumas regiões subtropicais e temperadas. Kudzu tem demonstrado ampla plasticidade fisiológica quando coloniza novos ambientes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar características da anatomia foliar de kudzu que poderiam contribuir para seu hábito invasivo e também para sua propagação em ambientes distintos do ponto de vista climático. Foram analisados cortes frescos e permanentes de lâminas foliares de plantas crescidas no campo. A epiderme inferior tipicamente apresentou maior freqüência de estômatos (147 ± 19 estômatos mm -2 ) do que a epiderme superior (26 ± 17 estômatos mm -2 ). O número médio de tricomas por milímetro quadrado foi 8 para ambas, epiderme superior e epiderme inferior. O comprimento médio dos tricomas foi 410 ± 200 µm para a epiderme superior e 460 ± 190 µm para a epiderme inferior. A espessura da cutícula não diferiu significativamente entre as epidermes inferior e superior. A lâmina foliar consistiu basicamente de duas camadas de parênquima paliçádico e uma camada de parênquima lacunoso. Uma camada de mesófilo paranerval foi encontrada entre os parênquimas paliçádico e lacunoso. Concluindo, folíolos de kudzu apresentam características anatômicas que podem contribuir para a ampla plasticidade fisiológica demonstrada pela espécie.Termos para indexação: anatomia de folíolos, tricomas, ecofisiologia, espessura de cutícula, estômatos.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of leaf anatomy of kudzu (Pueraria lobata, Leguminosae-Faboideae) related to water and energy balance

Pereira-Netto

Gabriele

Pinto

1999

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Additionally, kudzu is a nitrogen-fixing plant through its symbiotic association with rhizobium (Tsugawa 1986). Lynd and Ansman (1990) reported that kudzu has adaptive capabilities to adverse conditions such as eroded soil with low fertility, low pH and poor water holding capacity. These collective characteristics of kudzu make it an ideal candidate to be evaluated for phytoremediation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Selected physiological responses of kudzu to different chromium concentrations

Connell

Al-Hamdani²

2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Connell, S. L. and Al-Hamdani, S. H. 2001. Selected physiological responses of kudzu to different chromium concentrations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 53-58. This study was designed to evaluate the potential use of kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata) as a phytoremediator to reduce Cr (VI) contamination. In addition, the effect of Cr concentrations of 4, 8, and 12 mg L -1 on kudzu growth, gas exchange, pigment concentration, and carbohydrate accumulation were evaluated. In general, Cr uptake by kudzu was increased as Cr concentration increased in the growing media. Most of the Cr taken up by kudzu was accumulated in the root as indicated by the significantly higher ratio of root/shoot Cr concentrations at increasing Cr levels in the root environment. Kudzu growth, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll a and b concentrations declined as the Cr concentration increased. The decrease in photosynthesis was independent of the internal carbon dioxide. Anthocyanin was found to increase as Cr concentration gradually increased from 4 to 12 mg L -1 . Kudzu clearly demonstrated its ability to survive at Cr concentrations up to 8 mg L -1 in the root environment. Kudzu, therefore, can be considered as a replacement crop in areas of Cr contamination falling within the concentration range of this study.

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“…Organic nitrogen and phosphorus are not available to plants directly, because they are gradually mineralized by microbial activities using moisture retained in the soil matrix, rainfall or dew. In due course, they become available to plants (Lavelle and Spain, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of soil characteristics in the succession of two herbaceous lianas in a modified river floodplain

Asaeda

Rashid

Kotagiri

et al. 2011

River Research & Apps

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The Tamagawa floodplain of Japan experienced a series of changes in the structure of its plant community after 1960. Today, two dominant lianas -Pueraria lobata and Sicyos angulatus -have colonized the area and are competing for space. This study explores their competitive abilities in relation to soil factors and flooding disturbance downstream of the Tama River. Several colonies of these species were selected in three spots of the Tamagawa floodplain having different soil characteristics and flooding frequencies. Our results revealed that S. angulatus can only grow on fine sediment, whereas P. lobata can grow on soil with a wide range of particle sizes. Soil moisture and nitrogen requirements are higher for S. angulatus. S. angulatus grows only on fine sediment for two reasons: first, fine sediment stores a higher concentration of nitrogen and moisture; second, S. angulatus has a very shallow root system. P. lobata has an extensive root system with nodules, with which it can thrive on coarse and relatively dry soil with lower nitrogen. However, P. lobata requires higher soil phosphorus than S. angulatus does. The earlier patchy colonization of S. angulatus on the Tamagawa floodplain was provoked by flooding, when the perennial Miscanthus sacchariflorus and other species trapped fine sediments. Gradually, sediments became finer and nutrient-rich due to vegetative decomposition, and S. angulatus invaded the area. The soil at that time was not deep enough for the root system of P. lobata. Subsequently, P. lobata outcompeted S. angulatus on the various types of soil that developed. Severe washing of fine substrates by floodwaters makes the area unsuitable for S. angulatus, whereas P. lobata continues to thrive.

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Exceptional forage regrowth, nodulation and nitrogenase activity of kudzu (Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohivi) grown on eroded Dougherty loam subsoil

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Aspects of leaf anatomy of kudzu (Pueraria lobata, Leguminosae-Faboideae) related to water and energy balance

Aspects of leaf anatomy of kudzu (Pueraria lobata, Leguminosae-Faboideae) related to water and energy balance

Selected physiological responses of kudzu to different chromium concentrations

The role of soil characteristics in the succession of two herbaceous lianas in a modified river floodplain

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