Excess of Seminomas Observed in Vietnam Service U.S. Military Working Dogs

Hayes, Howard M.; Tarone, Robert E.; Casey, Harold W.; Huxsoll, David L.

doi:10.1093/jnci/82.12.1042

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…It has been claimed that cancer occurrence in dogs may warn of possible environmental causes of cancers in humans for specific geographic areas. However, the limited number of published studies on the association of environmental exposures and cancer occurrence in dogs have been conducted only after potential health risks in humans have been reported [26][27][28][29][30][31] as supportive evidence for the causality of the associations detected in studies of human patients. An exception is the preliminary finding from an Italian study suggesting a possible role of sheep as sentinel animals to evaluate environmental diffusion of naturally occurring fibrous amphiboles potentially involved in the occurrence of pleural mesotheliomas in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Incidence in Pet Dogs: Findings of the Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy

Merlo

Rossi

Pellegrino³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

314

250

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Background: The occurrence of spontaneous tumors in pet animals has been estimated in a few European and North American veterinary cancer registries with dissimilar methodologies and variable reference populations.Objectives: The Animal Tumor Registry (ATR) of Genoa, Italy, was established in 1985 with the aim of estimating the occurrence of spontaneous tumors in dogs.Methods: Six thousand seven hundred and forty-three tumor biopsy specimens were received from local veterinarians in the Municipality of Genoa between 1985 and 2002. Three thousand and three hundred and three (48.9%) biopsy specimen samples were diagnosed as cancer and were coded according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-9).Results: Mammary cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in female dogs, accounting for 70% of all cancer cases. Incidence of all cancers was 99.3 per 100,000 dog-years (95% CI: 93.6-105.1) in male dogs and 272.1 (95% CI: 260.7-283.6) in female dogs. The highest incidence rates were detected for mammary cancer (IR 5 191.8, 95% CI: 182.2-201.4) and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (IR 5 22.9, 95% CI: 19.7-26.5) in bitches and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (IR 5 19.9, 95% CI: 17.4-22.7) and skin cancer (IR 5 19.1, 95% CI: 16.6-21.8) in male dogs. All cancer IR increased with age ranging between 23.7 (95% CI: 18.4-30.1) and 763.2 (95% CI: 700.4-830.1) in bitches and between 16.5 (95% CI: 12.8-21.1) and 237.6 (95% CI: 209.1-269.0) in male dogs aged 3 years and 49-11 years.Conclusion: This study summarizes the work done by the ATR of Genoa, Italy, between 1985 and 2002. All cancer incidence was 3 times higher in female than in male dogs, a difference explained by the high rate of mammary cancer observed in bitches. Because a biopsy specimen was required to make a cancer diagnosis, cancer rates for internal organs cancers, such as respiratory and digestive tract cancers may have been underestimated in the study population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Incidence in Pet Dogs: Findings of the Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy

Merlo

Rossi

Pellegrino³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

314

250

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“…We have shown that these herbicides are the most potent TAS1R3 blockers known to date (10). The long-term biological effects of these compounds in humans are not well known, although some reports point to male infertility (19)(20)(21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic loss or pharmacological blockade of testes-expressed taste genes causes male sterility

Mosinger

Redding

Parker

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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TAS1R taste receptors and their associated heterotrimeric G protein gustducin are involved in sugar and amino acid sensing in taste cells and in the gastrointestinal tract. They are also strongly expressed in testis and sperm, but their functions in these tissues were previously unknown. Using mouse models, we show that the genetic absence of both TAS1R3, a component of sweet and amino acid taste receptors, and the gustducin α-subunit GNAT3 leads to malespecific sterility. To gain further insight into this effect, we generated a mouse model that expressed a humanized form of TAS1R3 susceptible to inhibition by the antilipid medication clofibrate. Sperm formation in animals without functional TAS1R3 and GNAT3 is compromised, with malformed and immotile sperm. Furthermore, clofibrate inhibition of humanized TAS1R3 in the genetic background of Tas1r3 −/− , Gnat3 −/− doubly null mice led to inducible male sterility. These results indicate a crucial role for these extraoral "taste" molecules in sperm development and maturation. We previously reported that blocking of human TAS1R3, but not mouse TAS1R3, can be achieved by common medications or chemicals in the environment. We hypothesize that even low levels of these compounds can lower sperm count and negatively affect human male fertility, which common mouse toxicology assays would not reveal. Conversely, we speculate that TAS1R3 and GNAT3 activators may help infertile men, particularly those that are affected by some of the mentioned inhibitors and/or are diagnosed with idiopathic infertility involving signaling pathway of these receptors.phenoxy compounds | spermiogenesis

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“…Certain breeds seemed to have an increased risk of developing primary testicular tumors, including the Boxer, German Shepherd, Afghan Hound, Weimaraner, and Shetland Sheepdog [2,10,14,16,21]. Epidemiological studies on military working dogs serving in the Vietnam War implied that exposure to phenoxy herbicide, dioxin, or tetracycline may have promoted the development of testicular tumors [4,5].…”

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confidence: 99%

A 12-Year Retrospective Study of Canine Testicular Tumors

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. To provide up-to-date information on the incidence and risk factors of canine testicular tumors, 476 pathological reports of male canine tumors from two institutes of veterinary medicine in Taiwan Cryptorchidism was significantly associated with development of MGCSCTs, SCTs, and SEMs, but not ICTs (p<0.01). The detection rate of testicular tumors in the dog younger than 10-years-old was significantly associated with cryptorchidism (p<0.01). Except for mixed breed dogs, the Maltese breed had high detection rate of testicular tumors, and may have high risk in cryptorchidism in this study.In conclusion, our results indicate that cryptorchidism alone or in addition to age will significantly affect the incidence and type of canine testicular tumors, and a high detection rate of testicular tumors in Maltese dogs is documented for the first time.

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Excess of Seminomas Observed in Vietnam Service U.S. Military Working Dogs

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Cancer Incidence in Pet Dogs: Findings of the Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy

Cancer Incidence in Pet Dogs: Findings of the Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy

Genetic loss or pharmacological blockade of testes-expressed taste genes causes male sterility

A 12-Year Retrospective Study of Canine Testicular Tumors

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