Excess weight in children and adolescents is associated with altered subendocardial blood supply among girls but not boys

Zaniqueli, Divanei; Alvim, Rafael de Oliveira; Baldo, Marcelo Perim; Luiz, Sara Gonçalves; Cunha, Roberto S.; Mill, José Geraldo

doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12922

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Studies by other groups have also shown that low SEVR correlates with impaired coronary flow reserve in patients with hypertension, type I and type II diabetes, or low cardiorespiratory fitness in central obesity ( 35 , 36 ). SEVR has been investigated in individuals with obesity, and evolving evidence shows that SEVR is altered in children and adolescents with obesity, although the mechanism by which this effect is mediated has not been fully elucidated ( 16 , 37 ). Recent studies showed that SEVR was positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in both obese and lean adolescents, suggesting an important role of SEVR in early cardiovascular risk determination in children and adolescents ( 38 , 39 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-Week Exercise Training With Dietary Restriction Improves Central Hemodynamics Associated With Altered Gut Microbiota in Adolescents With Obesity

et al. 2020

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PurposeObesity in children and in adolescents can lead to adult cardiovascular diseases, and the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology. Exercise and diet interventions are typical approaches to improve physical condition and to alter the gut microbiota in individuals with obesity. However, whether central hemodynamic parameters including subendocardial viability ratio, the augmentation index standardized to a heart rate of 75/min (AIx75), resting heart rate, and blood pressure, correlate with gut microbiota changes associated with exercise and diet is unclear.MethodsAdolescents (n = 24, 12.88 ± 0.41 years) with obesity completed our 6-week program of endurance and strength exercises along with dietary restriction. Blood and fecal samples were collected, and physical parameters were measured before and 24 h after the last session of the intervention program. Pulse wave analysis using applanation tonometry provided the subendocardial viability ratio, a surrogate measure of microvascular myocardial perfusion, and AIx75, a measure of arterial stiffness and peripheral arteriolar resistance. Correlation analysis detected any associations of anthropometric or central hemodynamic parameters with gut microbiome composition.ResultsExercise and diet interventions significantly reduced body weight, body mass index, body fat, and waist-to-hip ratio, and lowered levels of fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. AIx75 and resting heart rate were also significantly reduced after the intervention without changes to systolic or diastolic blood pressure. The ratio of intestinal microbiota Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes displayed a marked increase after intervention. Interventional changes in gut microbiota members were significantly associated with anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Microbial changes were also significantly correlated with central hemodynamic parameters, including subendocardial viability ratio, AIx75, and resting heart rate.ConclusionExercise and diet interventions significantly improved measures of central hemodynamics, including subendocardial viability ratio, AIx75, and resting heart rate, which were correlated with altered gut microbiota in adolescents with obesity. Our findings shed light on the effects and mechanisms underlying exercise and diet interventions on obesity and suggest this approach for treating patients with both cardiovascular disease and obesity.

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