Excessive grooming induced by somatostatin or its analog SMS 201-995

Abstract

Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of somatostatin or SMS 201-995 induces excessive grooming behavior in rats. The grooming inducing effect of somatostatin is rather weak, as doses of 300 ng or less did not result in increased total grooming scores. In contrast a dose of 10 ng SMS 201-995 already significantly increased the total grooming scores. However, doses of 100 ng and more did not further increase the total grooming scores reached with a 50 ng dose of this peptide. Systemic administration of SMS 201-995 in doses up to 900 ~tg did not result in excessive grooming behavior. Fhe patterns of excessive grooming induced by i.c.v. SMS 201-995 and somatostatin were characterized by a predominant display of scratching. Since peptide-induced scratching is mainly due to activation of opiate receptor systems it is suggested that opiate receptors are involved in the behavioral response to SMS 201-995 and somatostatin administration. This suggestion is further supported by the suppressive effect of naloxone on excessive grooming induced by these peptides. Haloperidol and neurotensin also suppress the excessive grooming induced by somatostatin but not that induced by SMS 201-995. Finally, tolerance developed to the grooming-inducing effect of SMS 201-995 and somatostatin. In addition there was cross tolerance between somatostatin and SMS 201-995.Somatostatin; SMS 201-995; Grooming behavior

Biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of AA3052, a compound containing a μ-selective opioid peptide agonist DALDA and d-Phe-Phe-d-Phe-Leu-Leu-NH2, a substance P analogue

“…antinociceptive effects (Chapman and Dickenson, 1992;Helyes et al, 2004;Pinter et al, 2006;Sandor et al, 2006) also induced barrel rotations (Van Wimersma Greidanus et al, 1987;Vécsei et al, 1989). This would fit well into our observations if not for the fact that SP inhibited the release and activity of SOM (McIntosh et al, 1987).…”

Low stress reactivity and neuroendocrine factors in the BTBR T+tf/J mouse model of autism

“…Other neuropeptide transmitters also evoke high levels of self-grooming when centrally administered to rodents, including vasopressin, prolactin, substance P, somatostatin, cholecystokinin and oxytocin (Drago et al, 1981, Meisenberg, 1981, Drago et al, 1986, Elliott and Iversen, 1986, Kaltwasser and Crawley, 1987, Van Wimersma Greidanus et al, 1987, Meisenberg, 1988, Pedersen et al, 1988, Stivers et al, 1988, Kaltwasser and Andres, 1989, Van Erp et al, 1993, Amico et al, 2004). To expand the existing neurochemical data in the BTBR, we conducted a baseline comparison of several relevant neuroendocrine factors in BTBR and C57BL6/J (B6), a standard inbred strain with high sociability, low self-grooming, and relative resilience to stressors (Moy et al, 2004, Moy et al, 2007, Yang et al, 2007a, Yang et al, 2007b, McFarlane et al, 2008).…”

Effects of subchronic and chronic melatonin treatment on somatostatin binding and its effects on adenylyl cyclase activity in the rat frontoparietal cortex

“…There is evidence that melatonin has anti‐convulsive properties and decreases locomotor activity [36]. These effects are reminiscent of those produced by SRIF [17, 37, 38]. It has also been demonstrated that melatonin influences the electrical activity of the rat cerebral cortex, a brain area rich in SRIF content and receptors [39] as well as in melatonin receptors [40].…”

“…Therefore, the somatostatinergic system might be one of the mechanisms mediating the acute actions of melatonin in the central nervous system. In this regard, melatonin and SRIF have been shown to decrease locomotor activity after short‐term administration [14–18]. On the other hand, Wolden‐Hanson et al [19] have shown that long‐term melatonin administration increases locomotor activity.…”