Exchange equilibrium through anion exchange membranes

Blaedel, W. J.; Christensen, E.L.

doi:10.1021/ac60255a007

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…One promising approach is to separate the cationic species of interest from the substrate solution without perturbing the substrate solution equilibrium via Donnan equilibrium (DEq) across an ion exchange membrane (10)(11)(12)(13). When acceptor solution is high in ionic strength relative to the substrate solution, enrichment of cations can occur.…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donnan equilibrium/graphite furnace atomic absorption estimates of soil extract complexation capacities

Fitch¹,

Helmke²

1989

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donnan equilibrium/graphite furnace atomic absorption estimates of soil extract complexation capacities

Fitch¹,

Helmke²

1989

Anal. Chem.

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“…Among the special techniques used for microchemical separations is the use of ion exchange membranes. Blaedel and Christensen (19) have studied the selectivity of anion exchange membranes and Blaedel and Haupert (18) have discussed and illustrated the potentialities of ion exchange membranes for the separation, extraction, and concentration of ionic species. They have provided a theoretical study of the cation exchange equilibrium involved and have shown experimental verification.…”

Section: Separationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic microchemical and trace analysis

West¹,

West²

1968

Anal. Chem.

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“…The standard method for producing anion exchange membranes in research laboratories has typically involved chloromethylation of an aromatic polymer, such as poly(sulfone) or poly(styrene) and quaternization of the benzylchloride with a tertiary amine to form the quaternary ammonium cationic group tethered to an aromatic ring through a benzyl linkage. These types of materials have been known for a long time [18][19][20][21] and are a facile route to anion exchange materials. New routes for synthesizing anion exchange membranes have facilitated systematic studies of these materials beyond chloromethylated aromatic polymers.…”

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Anion exchange membranes: Current status and moving forward

Hickner

Herring

Coughlin

2013

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

387

300

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This short review is meant to provide the reader with highlights in anion exchange membrane research, describe current needs in the field, and point out promising directions for future work. Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) provide one possible route to low platinum or platinum-free fuel cells with the potential for facile oxidation of complex fuels beyond hydrogen and methanol. AEMs and related stable cationic polymers also have applications in energy storage and other electrochemical technologies such as water electrolyzers and redox flow batteries. While anion exchange membranes have been known for a long time in water treatment applications, materials for electrochemical technology with robust mechanical properties in thin film format have only recently become more widely available. High hydroxide and bicarbonate anion conductivity have been demonstrated in a range of AEM formats, but intrinsic stability of the polymers and demonstration of long device lifetime remain major roadblocks.Novel approaches to stable materials have focused on new types of cations that employ delocalization and steric shielding of the positive center to mitigate nucleophilic attack by hydroxide. A number of promising polymer backbones and membrane architectures have been identified, but limited device testing and a lack of understanding of the degradation mechanisms in operating devices is slowing progress on engineered systems with alkaline fuel cell technology. Our objective is to spur more research in this area to develop fuel cell systems that approach the costs of inexpensive batteries for large-scale applications. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013Phys. , 51, 1727Phys. -1735 KEYWORDS: anion exchange membrane; cationic polymer; conductivity; fuel cell; hydrophilic polymers; membranes; phase separation; stability Anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AMFC) technology has seen a resurgence with new interest in high pH solid polymer membranes to bring alkaline fuel cells into a membrane format similar to now-common proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), Figure 1. Major interest in AMFCs was generated by the early reports of Varcoe and Slade 1-4 and commercial advances in materials and devices have been pursued by Tokuyama Corporation, 5 Daihatsu Motor Company, [6][7][8] and CellEra, among others. There are now a number of research groups in China, Europe, Japan, Canada, and the United States that are investigating AMFC technology with the objective of providing a new platform for innovation in fuel cells that can break the cost, fuel flexibility, and materials constraints posed by acidic perfluorinated polymers and precious metal catalysts, Figure 2.The tremendous advances in PEMFC technology over the last couple of decades in the United States, Japan, and Europe have brought fuel cells to the cusp of commercialization in automotive applications. Despite the lack of major consumer market adoption at this time, acid-based fuel cells have seen commercial use in some stationary a...

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Exchange equilibrium through anion exchange membranes

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Donnan equilibrium/graphite furnace atomic absorption estimates of soil extract complexation capacities

Donnan equilibrium/graphite furnace atomic absorption estimates of soil extract complexation capacities

Inorganic microchemical and trace analysis

Anion exchange membranes: Current status and moving forward

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